Feature Spotlight: Ongoing Call Detection

What is Ongoing Call Detection?

Available for both iOS and Android,  this feature allows the app to detect when a call is in progress while the application is running.

Why does that matter?

Phone calls have become one of the most dangerous attack vectors in modern mobile fraud.

Ongoing Call Detection adds an extra line of defense against voice-based social engineering attacks, helping identify situations where users may share confidential information over the phone while using your app.

The Problem: Social Engineering in the Age of Smartphones

It starts with a phone call.

A scammer poses as someone from the user’s bank or a trusted support team. They explain there's a problem with the user’s account - perhaps suspicious activity or a blocked transaction. To "resolve" it, they ask the user to open their mobile banking app immediately.

Trusting the voice on the line, the user unlocks their phone and opens the app.

At that moment, Ongoing Call Detection activates.

The app notices that a call is in progress. Depending on the configuration, one of two things happens:

“You're currently on a call. Be cautious - never share login credentials or security codes over the phone.”

This subtle disruption can be all it takes to break the attacker’s momentum and make the user think twice.

These attacks aren’t theoretical. They happen every day, especially to less tech-savvy users. But with Ongoing Call Detection, your app becomes part of the defense - alert, aware, and ready to intervene at the exact moment when necessary.

How the App Responds to Ongoing Call Detection

One of the key strengths of the Ongoing Call Detection feature is how configurable and adaptive it is. Much like other mobile threat detections, such as screen recording, jailbreak, or rooting, this detection is fully integrated into the configuration wizard, allowing for tailored responses based on app requirements or individual user profiles.

Here are the available reaction options when a call is detected:

1. Notify the End-User

The app can show a clear, contextual warning to the user, such as:

“You're currently on a call. Be cautious about sharing sensitive information. This call may not be secure.”

This soft intervention is ideal for encouraging safer behavior without interrupting the user experience.

2. Terminate the App

In higher-risk environments, such as financial, government, or enterprise apps, the app can be configured to automatically shut down when a call is detected, especially during sensitive operations like logging in, accessing data, or making payments.

This hard stop ensures no information is unintentionally leaked or submitted under pressure.

3. Generate False Values

A unique and clever security approach - the app can be set to return fake or redacted information during a call session. For example, instead of showing real account balances, personal details, or confirmation codes, the app may display placeholder or zero values until the call ends.

This approach protects users from being manipulated in real time while maintaining session continuity.

Targeted Configuration Options

This detection is not one-size-fits-all. You can configure responses at two levels:

Important to mention, Ongoing Call Detection is not classified as a “mobile app attack” and is treated separately in reporting and monitoring. This ensures accurate analytics and better separation between environmental context and actual device compromise.

Ongoing Call Detection Use Cases

Here are some realistic scenarios where this feature can prove to be useful:

1. Banking App + Fake Bank Call

A user receives a call claiming to be from their bank’s fraud department while logging in to the mobile banking app. The scammer would typically claim something like “We've just detected suspicious activity, please confirm your credentials.” Ongoing call detection would stop the user from logging in to the banking app and unknowingly share sensitive information with the scammer.

2. Payment App + Phishing Attack

During a call from someone pretending to be a merchant or family member, a user opens a peer-to-peer payment app to send money. The scammer guides them through steps to send funds under false pretenses. In case the ongoing call detection is implemented, such scams would simply fail.

3. 2FA Interception Scam

Scammers sometimes convince users to read out one-time passcodes (OTPs) from their authenticator apps.

If Ongoing Call Detection is active when the user attempts to generate an OTP, the app could:

4. Enterprise/Work App Confidentiality

A remote employee on a call with someone impersonating IT support opens a corporate app. The app detects the call and triggers a warning about potential phishing or data leaks, encouraging the employee to confirm the support agent’s identity.

Wrap Up: Ongoing Call Detection For Contextual Security

Ongoing Call Detection adds context awareness to mobile security - a crucial step in staying ahead of fraudsters who rely not on technical exploits, but human vulnerability.

Security isn't just about encryption and authentication anymore. It's about understanding the context in which users interact with your app. By recognizing the risks introduced by phone calls during sensitive moments, we can protect users at their most vulnerable.

Let us know how you’re planning to integrate Ongoing Call Detection in your app, and stay tuned for more proactive security tools in the pipeline.

Download App Protector SDK

App Protector SDK is a mobile security component built into the application's code enabling runtime protection as well as a variety of mobile application hardening techniques, including jailbreak detection.

NIS2 vs. DORA: Understanding the Overlap and Differences

Directive vs. Regulation

One of the main differences is their legal format.

Implementation Timelines

Different Objectives

The two laws are in fact complementary rather than being in conflict – NIS2 covers broader cybersecurity issues through various sectors, while DORA highlights the importance of cybersecurity resilience within the financial sector.

Content Differences

These laws differ not just in purpose but in content:

Which Law Takes Priority?

In case your organization falls under both NIS2  and DORA – DORA prevails. This is due to the lex specialis principle – in case multiple legislations are applicable, the most specfic one applies. In simpler terms, specific legislation holds more power over general legislation. DORA regulation specifically mentions that it overrides NIS2 for relevant financial institutions.

Entities Under DORA

DORA applies to 21 categories of financial and ICT-related organizations, including:

A complete list of entities falling under the DORA scope is available in Article 2 of the regulation.

Entities Under NIS2

Organizations not listed under DORA may still fall under NIS2 if they qualify as:

Detailed explanations are available in Article 3 of the NIS2 Directive.

NIS2 vs. DORA Summary

Download NIS2 Checklist

Feeling lost about where to start when it comes to the NIS2 Directive? That is why we decided to equip you with actionable steps on how to kick off your compliance journey and reach full compliance with ASEE.

Download eBook

Don’t wait for a breach or a compliance deadline. Start today. Contact us for solution-specific support.

Incident reporting under NIS2: Entity Reporting Obligations

Significant Incidents According to NIS2

The official definition of an incident by NIS2 is the following:

''An incident is an event compromising the authenticity, integrity, availability or confidentiality of transmitted, stored or processed data or of the services offered by, or accessible via network and information systems.''

Since this is a broad definition, NIS2 requires only significant incidents to be reported. A significant incident is considered as ''any incident that has a significant impact on the provision of the services that important and essential entities provide'', in case:

  1. The incident caused or is capable of causing significant operational disruption of the services or financial loss for the entity in question;
  2. The incident has affected or has the ability to affect other natural or legal persons by causing considerable material or non-material damage

While NIS2 specifies indicators that help determine if an incident is indeed significiant; such as the extent to which the functioning of the services is affected, the duration of the incident, and the number of affected users/recepients; there are no clear guidlines on what are considered significant financial losses and considerable material and non-material damage.

Entity Reporting Obligations Timeline

A number of companies have already received a notification about their official classification under NIS2. This means they now know whether they fall into the essential or important entity category. Entities must reach full NIS2 compliance within a year of receiving the categorization notification.

However, their incident reporting obligations start way earlier – 30 days from the date of the classification notification.

This means that all entities expecting to fall under the nis2 scope, regardless of being an important or essential entity, must have an established incident response plan.

Reporting Significant Incidents

In case you suffer a significant incident, here are the reporting steps that are in line with the NIS2 Directive:

NIS2 Incident Reporting Checklist

Article 23 of the NIS2 Directive provides clear guidelines on how to accurately report significant incidents.

NIS2 RequirementWhen to reportTo whom to reportReport contentsDocument name
NotificationASAPService users potentially affected by the significant incidentInform service users about the incident and advise then to take measures in response to the threatSignificant Incident Notification for Recipients of Services
Early warningWithin 24 hours of knowing about the incidentCSIRT/competent authorityPoint out whether the significant incident is caused by malicious acts or it could have a cross-border impactSignificant Incident Early Notification
Significant incident notificationWithin 72 hours of knowing about the incidentCSIRT/competent authorityInitial assesment of the incident, severity and impact of the incident, indicators of compromiseSignificant Incident Notification
Intermediate reportUpon request from CSIRT (or the competent autority)CSIRT/competent authorityStatus updatesSignificant Incident Intermediate Report
Final reportWithin one month after sending the incident notificationCSIRT/competent authorityDetailed description of the incident, including severity and impact;
type of threat or root cause that likely triggered the incident;
mitigation measures;
if applicable, cross-border impact of the incident
Significant Incident Final Report
Progress reportIn case the incident is ongoing a month after sending the incident notificationCSIRT/competent authorityNot specifiedSignificant Incident Progress Report

Stay Ahead of NIS2 Incident Reporting Obligations

The NIS2 Directive introduces stricter requirements for incident reporting that apply to both essential and important entities. Understanding what qualifies as a significant incident, knowing the reporting timeline, and being familiar with the official reporting flow are all important factors for ensuring compliance.

While the definitions may leave room for interpretation, the key takeaway is the following: entities must be proactive. With reporting obligations kicking in just 30 days after classification notification, there’s little room for delay. A well-prepared incident response plan isn’t just a recommendation - it’s a requirement.

Download NIS2 Checklist

Feeling lost about where to start when it comes to the NIS2 Directive? That is why we decided to equip you with actionable steps on how to kick off your compliance journey and reach full compliance with ASEE.

Download eBook

Don’t wait for a breach or a compliance deadline. Start today. Contact us for solution-specific support.

ASEE Product Updates: Q1 2025 Highlights

New In: Authentication

Thales SWSY QR Reader ECO Support

Thales SWSY QR Reader ECO is a secure and super reliable way for end users to scan QR codes for authentication. This is especially useful for banks looking to make secure logins even smoother. Bonus: it checks all the boxes when it comes to compliance, too.

Infrastructure Upgrades

We’ve boosted our support for the latest versions of key systems so your tech stack can stay modern and secure. Here’s what’s new:

Whether you're chasing performance gains or just want peace of mind that you're running on solid ground, this one’s for you.

SxS v6.47 Is Here

SxS v6.47 supports all the new infrastructure updates and the Thales QR Reader, plus some general polish to keep everything running smoothly.

New In: Trides

AMEX SafeKey 2.0

We’re in the final stretch of certifying AMEX SafeKey 2.0 on our ACS. That means issuing banks will soon be able to offer stronger, more flexible protection for American Express transactions.

With SafeKey 2.0:

We’ve supported SafeKey on the merchant side since 2021 - now we’re bringing full support to issuers, too.

New In: Mobile Security

Screen Recording Detection (Android)

Your app now knows if someone’s trying to record the screen while it’s running - thanks to the newest version of our RASP SDK for Android. This helps block malicious attempts to capture sensitive user data. iOS users - don’t worry, you’ve already had this.

Ongoing Call Detection (Android & iOS)

If a user is on a call while using the app, we now flag that. Why? Scammers often use social engineering tactics during live calls. If something suspicious is detected (like asking for an OTP or credit card info), the app shuts down automatically to protect the user.

Real-Time Online Integrity Checks

We’ve taken our integrity checks to the next level. Before, checks happened offline, using pre-stored data. Now, we’ve added real-time validation via server-side logic, which helps detect tampering and unsafe devices on the spot. This upgrade means tighter security and faster response to threats.

Watch the integrity check webinar

In The Spotlight: What We’re Talking About

A few blog posts you might want to check out:

That’s a Wrap for Q1

Thanks for catching up with us! We’ll be back next quarter with more updates, but if you have questions or want to talk through how any of this fits into your setup, contact us anytime.

Public Sector Preparedness for NIS2: Where to Start?

Why NIS2 Matters to the Public Sector

NIS2 expands upon the original NIS Directive by widening the scope, toughening compliance requirements, and introducing stricter enforcement mechanisms.

Public sector bodies—especially those operating or managing critical infrastructure like energy, water, healthcare, and transportation—are now clearly in the spotlight. Under NIS2, public organizations fall into the "essential" or "important" entity categories, both of which require full compliance.

Key implications for the public sector:

First Steps to NIS2 Compliance in the Public Sector

If your organization is beginning its NIS2 journey, here are the fundamental steps to take:

1. Determine Applicability

Check whether your entity is classified as essential or important under the Directive. Expect a notification from local bodies responsible for sending out the appropriate classification.

2. Conduct a Gap Analysis

Evaluate your current cybersecurity posture. What controls are already in place? Where are the gaps compared to NIS2 requirements?

3. Appoint a Responsible Lead or Team

NIS2 requires clear governance. Assigning responsibility—at the board or executive level—is key to ensuring accountability and a quick response.

4. Create a Compliance Roadmap

Build a plan that outlines how you’ll meet requirements over time. Set priorities based on risk and criticality, and align with existing frameworks (like ISO 27001 or NIST).

Key NIS2 Requirements Public Sector Must Address

To comply with NIS2, public entities need to implement a set of baseline cybersecurity measures. Here is what you should focus on:

Common Challenges in the Public Sector

While NIS2 provides a clear framework, implementation in the public sector can face some unique hurdles:

Being aware of these challenges allows organizations to proactively address them through planning and partnerships.

Best Practices and Recommendations

Meeting the requirements of NIS2 isn’t just about ticking boxes—it’s about building a long-term culture of cybersecurity resilience. For public sector organizations, that means improving leadership, building stronger skills, and encouraging teamwork and ongoing progress.

Whether you're just starting out or refining your existing security posture, these tried-and-true practices can help ensure you're not only compliant but truly prepared:

Tools and Resources to Support NIS2 Readiness

The good news? You’re not starting from scratch. A growing number of resources are available to help public sector entities align with NIS2. From national guidelines to EU-level frameworks, here are some of the most helpful tools you can tap into:

Download NIS2 Checklist

Feeling lost about where to start when it comes to the NIS2 Directive? That is why we decided to equip you with actionable steps on how to kick off your compliance journey and reach full compliance with ASEE.

Download eBook

Don’t wait for a breach or a compliance deadline. Start today. Contact us for solution-specific support.

What Is IDaaS? Benefits, Features & Why It’s Secure in the Cloud

What Is IDaaS (Identity as a Service)?

IDaaS (Identity as a Service) is a cloud-based solution that provides identity and access management (IAM) capabilities to businesses and organizations. It enables secure authentication, authorization, and user management without the need for on-premises infrastructure.

An identity service's main task is to make sure users are really who they say they are and to provide them the right level of access to apps and files when they need it. In cases where such systems are managed on-premises, every issue that arises is the company's issue as well. Let's say the employees are using their own mobile phones (BYOD), and switch to new phone models. The in-house identity and access management will have to undergo certain adjustments. It is way more convenient to opt for a cloud-based solution run by experts who have addressed these same challenges for numerous other clients. That is what makes the cloud-based approach far more efficient and scalable.

X-as-a-Service models

Generally, the ''as-a-service'' model in IT refers to the remote delivery of a function or capability by a third-party provider. This eliminates the need for on-site management and a dedicated maintenance team. A helpful comparison would be MS Office which runs locally on a user's device, versus cloud-based platforms such as Office 365 by Google. In the same way, an external provider can offer identity management, security, and other IT functions

How IDaaS Differs from Traditional IAM

While IDaaS is rooted in the principles of IAM, the two are not interchangeable. Traditional IAM systems are typically deployed on-premises, requiring extensive infrastructure, resources, and maintenance. In contrast, IDaaS delivers IAM functionality through the cloud, offering faster deployment, better scalability, and reduced overhead.

You could say that IDaaS is essentially IAM as a service - and it often includes advanced out-of-the-box features, which previously required multiple vendors or custom integrations.

Core Capabilities of IDaaS

Modern IDaaS platforms go beyond basic user authentication. They bundle several advanced identity management features to deliver security, usability, and automation:

Identity Proofing

Before granting access, IDaaS solutions can verify users’ identities through documents, biometrics, or trusted sources.

Single Sign-On (SSO)

SSO allows users to log in once and access multiple applications seamlessly. This enhances productivity and reduces password fatigue.

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

RBAC enables organizations to assign permissions based on roles rather than individuals, ensuring users only access what they need to do their job.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Some examples of strong MFA options include digital certificates, biometric authentication, device-based authentication, and push notifications.

Identity Orchestration

IDaaS enables centralized identity workflows across various tools and systems, automating identity lifecycle management and reducing human error.

Secure Portals

Users and admins access resources through encrypted, authenticated portals, which act as a secure gateway to applications and services.

API Security

With businesses increasingly reliant on APIs, IDaaS platforms ensure that only authenticated users or systems can interact with backend services.

Fraud Detection

Using behavioral analytics and AI, IDaaS detects and prevents suspicious or anomalous behavior in real time to minimize the risk of fraud.

Adaptive Authentication

By analyzing context such as device, location, and behavior, adaptive authentication adjusts security levels dynamically. This means friction is present only when necessary.

Passwordless Access

From biometrics to push notifications, IDaaS supports secure access without relying on passwords, improving both UX and security.

Business Benefits of IDaaS

IDaaS isn't just about tight security – it makes life easier across the board, and here's how:

1. Optimized User Management

With everything managed from one place, adding new users, removing old ones, or updating access is way simpler — even if your team is spread out across the globe.

2. Better User Experience

Single sign-on (SSO), passwordless logins, and smart access tools mean fewer logins and less hassle. Employees and customers get where they need to go faster — and with less frustration.

3. Stronger, Layered Security

It’s easy to stack security tools like MFA and behavior-based detection, so you’re always one step ahead of threats.

4. It Grows With You

Whether you’ve got a team of 10 or 10,000, IDaaS scales up or down without headaches. No need to overhaul your system every time your business changes.

5. Lowers Risk

Real-time monitoring and built-in compliance tools help spot issues before they become big problems. This equals fewer escalations and fewer fines.

6. Reduced Costs

Since you’re not dealing with servers or patching things yourself, you cut down on IT costs and free up time and budget for other projects.

Worried About Cloud Security? Let’s Clear That Up

It is natural to feel a bit unsure about putting your identity management in the cloud – especially if you're used to keeping everything in-house. The idea of your user data ''living'' somewhere off-site can raise questions. But here's the thing – cloud-based IDaaS solutions can be safer than traditional on-premise setups.

Here’s why IDaaS is secure — and in many cases, more secure — than on-prem IAM:

1. Enterprise-Grade Cloud Security

Leading IDaaS providers operate in secure cloud environments with end-to-end encryption, zero-trust architecture, and compliance with global standards like SOC 2, ISO 27001, and GDPR.

2. Always up-to-date

Unlike on-prem, cloud-based systems are constantly monitored and automatically updated to fix any known security holes fast - way faster than most in-house systems.

3. Built For The Unexpected

Sometimes things go wrong – power outages, natural disasters, you name it. But cloud systems have backups in place across multiple locations, so your identity services keep running no matter what.

4. Smarter Security Features

IDaaS often comes with features like adaptive authentication, biometrics, and even AI detecting suspicious activity. Add-ons like these are commonly expensive and challenging to build yourself in case you're doing everything on-prem.

5. Vendor Expertise

Cloud identity providers are experts at what they do – security is their thing. Meanwhile, your in-house IT team is likely juggling multiple different tasks at once. Relieve them and hand off this task to cloud identity masters.

6. Reduced Insider Risk

Since your infrastructure is managed by a secure third party, the likelihood of internal slip-ups and intentional breaches is significantly lower. Fewer people touching the system simply means that fewer things can go wrong.

Final Thoughts

Managing digital identities is a big part of how we work today – and that's exactly where IDaaS comes in. It makes managing who has access to what easier, more secure, and way more flexible. This is especially true as teams, tools, and devices keep changing. Instead of relying on older, less flexible systems that struggle to keep up with today's demands, IDaaS offers a cloud-based solution that grows with you.

Whether it's giving employees a smoother login experience, tightening up security with features like MFA and adaptive authentication, or reducing the workload of IT teams, IDaaS covers a lot of ground.

And for those who worry about the cloud not being as secure – modern IDaaS platforms are built to meet some of the highest security standards out there. So, if you're looking for a smarter, more scalable way to handle identity access and management, IDaaS is more than ready to take on the job.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

The Future of Identity Protection in the Age of AI: A New Era of Cybersecurity

At this year’s Money Motion conference, industry experts gathered to discuss one of the most pressing challenges of our time—identity theft in the AI era. The panel Identity Theft in the AI Era: The New Rules of the Game brought together cybersecurity leaders to explore how artificial intelligence is reshaping digital fraud and what businesses can do to stay ahead.

In today’s digital world, it’s fascinating how effortlessly we open new accounts on social networks, share personal details, shop online in seconds, and transfer money with a single click. Yet, despite the ever-growing concerns over the safety of our finances, we continue to trust these platforms with our personal data. One of the greatest threats in this era is social engineering — a tactic so effective that it only takes minutes for a person to fall victim to identity theft.

While discussions around AI are ubiquitous, the reality is that artificial intelligence is accelerating the theft of identities in the online world. AI-driven scams have reached a point where they can clone your voice, create deepfake versions of your face, and even trick your bank into authorizing large transactions to offshore accounts.

Traditional Protection is No Longer Enough

The methods we have relied on for years — passwords and basic security measures — are no longer sufficient. Passwords, often reused across various platforms, have become one of the easiest ways for hackers to gain access to our accounts. With scammers exploiting this, many people unknowingly fuel the very system designed to compromise their security.

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) was presented as a secure method to protect digital identities. However, AI technologies have shown that even MFA can be compromised. As users share personal data freely, they unintentionally open the door to sophisticated cybercriminal techniques. We must acknowledge that in the digital age, traditional security practices are no longer enough. To truly safeguard our identities, we need to evolve.

money motion identity theft AI
Photo: Nina Durdevic

The Future is Passwordless: Embracing FIDO2 and Behavioral Analysis

The future of digital security is passwordless. One of the most secure methods available today is passkeys, specifically FIDO2 technology. Unlike passwords, passkeys are immune to theft because cybercriminals can't "take" something you don’t have.

In the coming years, we will likely see a mix of security mechanisms, such as combining MFA with behavioral analysis. This approach can detect deviations from a user's typical behavior, prompting additional verification if something suspicious is detected. By combining established methods with real-time user behavior, we add another layer of protection that is more adaptive to evolving threats.

As more companies and individuals move toward passkey technology, we are stepping into a new era of cybersecurity — one where identity theft is harder to accomplish and where privacy is better protected. The main issue will always be user experience. You cannot have great security and frictionless user experience, but new generations and more sophisticated attack behavior and biometric authentication will definitely help in this friction. We have to think as it is a continuous process, and we have to constantly store it in depth.

AI as a Double-Edged Sword: Protecting Against Cybercrime

However, we haven't yet seen a real AI attack. Usually, an AI attack is a combination of whole organizations that are using AI to gather data and target users. Organizing an AI attack is a costly business. You have to have infrastructure, people, tools, and resources at your disposal to monitor the attack against another organization.

As AI helps cybercriminals, it also helps cybersecurity experts to find anomalies in the systems and alert us that something is wrong. It is still not the best tool against AI attacks, but it is the tool that can help.  After that, we still need our human touch and expertise to cover these anomalies and vulnerabilities.

Just as AI has empowered cybercriminals to steal identities, it holds the potential to be a powerful tool in defense against them. Enhanced cyber hygiene and robust cybersecurity practices will be critical in the fight against these advanced threats. While no method will guarantee 100% security — much like the systems we use today — adopting AI-driven defense mechanisms will significantly improve our ability to detect and mitigate attacks.

Ultimately, user awareness and education will play a pivotal role in protecting our digital identities. The challenge lies in educating those who may not be well-versed in IT security, which is why user experience must evolve to be more intuitive and self-explanatory. When the security process is seamless and easy to understand, users are more likely to take it seriously. Education will not be mandatory only for the end-users but also for the entire organization and employees to understand what kind of attacks can happen, what they can steal, and how to protect all systems against it.

money motion asee ai identity theft
Photo: Nina Durdevic

A Shared Responsibility: Safeguarding Our Digital Identities

As we conclude, it becomes clear that protecting our identity is a shared responsibility. Banks and fintech companies must implement the most advanced security mechanisms, cybersecurity experts must develop the strongest defense algorithms, and users must educate themselves on how to protect their personal data.

Companies are still not aware of great and continuous cybersecurity hygiene to protect their system. Here is where regulation will help all of us, especially companies, to monitor their system. NIS2, which will be implemented and mandatory for most companies, will cover cybersecurity hygiene at least on a high level. The measures that companies will be required to comply with under NIS2 will greatly help protect not only the user's digital identity but also all critical systems that store sensitive data.

In this ongoing cat-and-mouse game, the only way to stay ahead is by taking ownership of our digital identities. Only by being vigilant and informed can we begin to truly safeguard ourselves against the ever-growing threats in this AI-driven age.

Download NIS2 Checklist

Feeling lost about where to start when it comes to the NIS2 Directive? That is why we decided to equip you with actionable steps on how to kick off your compliance journey and reach full compliance with ASEE.

Download eBook

Top 15 Mobile Application Security Best Practices in 2025

A recent report cites some alarming contradictions when it comes to developing secure mobile applications. While 91% of surveyed organizations claim they are not releasing unprotected mobile apps, 87% report a mobile application security incident in the past year.

Moreover, 93% of organizations are confident they understand the risks that come with releasing insecure mobile apps. At the same time, 67% state that OS-provided protection (iOS and Android) is enough to make an app secure.

In case these numbers don't make you fidgety as an app owner/developer, maybe the following one will. The average cost of a mobile application security incident in 2024 was $4.97 million.

Is that what it takes to make you rethink your mobile app security strategy and start implementing it from the first stages of development? If you're ready to develop mobile apps responsibly, read on to find out more about the mobile application security best practices and mechanisms that secure your app, its users, your business, and your reputation. 

Top 15 Mobile Application Security Best Practices

1. Static and dynamic analysis are your jumpstart allies.

Security testing should be an ongoing process. Utilize static and dynamic analysis tools to detect vulnerabilities early in the development cycle. Automated security testing can identify common issues such as insecure data storage, weak authentication, and API vulnerabilities.

2. Choose security over speed. Always.

Integrating security shouldn’t slow down development. Use DevSecOps methodologies to ensure security is incorporated from the beginning without hindering deployment speed. Automated security checks can streamline the process.

3. Securing your app means securing your code.

Hackers frequently exploit vulnerabilities in source code. Minimize risks by encrypting source code, applying code obfuscation techniques, and using secure coding practices to prevent reverse engineering attacks.

4. Encrypt data both at rest and in transit.

Implement end-to-end encryption to secure sensitive data. Even if attackers intercept data, strong encryption ensures actors with unauthorized access cannot use it.

5. Update the OS version for the latest security patches.

Outdated operating systems and development frameworks contain vulnerabilities that hackers exploit. Ensure regular updates and security patches for iOS, Android, and third-party libraries to protect against known exploits.

6. Ditch passwords. Use strong user authentication.

Plain and simple - weak authentication leads to unauthorized access. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA), biometrics, and/or SSO to enhance security.

7. Be very selective with third-party libraries.

Third-party libraries can introduce vulnerabilities if they’re not regularly updated or reviewed. Use only well-vetted, frequently updated libraries, and avoid untrusted sources.

Why? Hackers tend to publish pre-written code on such platforms. This code usually contains some kind of malware that is injected into your app. What happens next is up to the attacker.

8. Implement Integrity Checking

Integrity checking ensures that the application's code and critical files have not been altered. Use cryptographic checksums, digital signatures, and hash functions to detect unauthorized modifications. This helps prevent tampering, malware infections, and unauthorized updates.

Check out our webinar to learn more!

9.  Store only necessary data on devices.

Store only essential user data on mobile devices. If storing sensitive information is necessary, use encrypted local storage and implement auto-deletion policies for old data.

10. Implement App Shielding.

App shielding techniques such as runtime application self-protection (RASP) and anti-tampering mechanisms protect mobile apps from reverse engineering and unauthorized modifications.

RASP allows you to keep a constant watch on the mobile app's ins and outs. In case any tampering is detected you can set an appropriate response varying from displaying bogus OTPs to terminating the app immediately.

11. Install Tamper Detection Mechanisms.

Integrate anti-tampering technology that detects and prevents debugging, emulation, and root/jailbreak modifications to enhance security.

12. Backup Data Securely.

Implement automatic and encrypted backups to cloud storage or secure servers. In case of data corruption or breaches, backups should enable quick recovery.

13. Secure APIs from Attacks.

Most mobile apps rely on APIs. Use API gateways, enforce authentication, and validate inputs to prevent API-based attacks such as SQL injections, man-in-the-middle attacks, and DDoS threats.

14. Conduct Penetration Testing.

By simulating mobile cyberattacks through ethical hacking and penetration testing you can easily find weak links in your security. This should reveal existing vulnerabilities that can be addressed quickly.

15. Use Code Obfuscation Techniques.

Code obfuscation scrambles the structure of your application, making it harder for attackers to reverse-engineer it. Obfuscation is just another word for complexity, so, basically, you're giving attackers a hard time while trying to figure out your apps code.  This technique prevents malware injection and intellectual property theft.

Wrap up

Still willing to risk your app by only relying on OS protection? That's okay – we'll keep updating the article so you can come back to our mobile application security best practices later and start from ground zero.

Download App Protector SDK

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Cybersecurity statistics: 100+ cybersecurity stats to know in 2025

By 2025, global cybercrime will cost a staggering $10.5 trillion annually - yes, trillion with a T! From AI-powered phishing scams that have skyrocketed by 4151% to ransomware attacks costing businesses $53 000 per hour in downtime, the threats we face are becoming more sophisticated, relentless, and expensive.

Whether you're a business owner, security professional, or just someone who wants to keep their personal data safe, these 100 must-know cybersecurity statistics for 2025 will give you a shocking, data-backed look at where we stand - and what’s coming next. Let's check out this year's cyber forecast.

1. Cybercrime and General Cybersecurity Statistics

1.Cybercrime-related damages are expected to reach $10.5 trillion annually by 2025 and could escalate to $15.63 trillion by 2029.

2. Supply chain attacks continue to rise, with 45% of global organizations projected to be impacted by 2025.

3. Business owners worry about the future cybersecurity risks emerging from remote and hybrid work with 72% saying they are concerned.

4. Over 30,000 new security vulnerabilities were identified in 2024, reflecting a 17% year-over-year increase.

5. Attacks on critical infrastructure, financial systems, and communication networks will remain a top cybersecurity threat in 2025.

6. Cybercrime loss projections state they will exceed $23 trillion by 2027, a significant increase from $8.4 trillion in 2022.

7. Social engineering is a part of 98% of cyberattacks – making it a key trend to look out for in the following year.

8. 97% of organizations indicate GenAI issues and breaches are present.

9. The average time required to identify and contain a data breach stands at 258 days, with breaches involving lost or stolen credentials taking 292 days.

10. 24% of organizations think that using GenAI technology will make their incident response more efficient in the future.

11. 53% of companies are actively investing in training staff on how to decrease internal risks.

12. Cyber insurance premiums are forecasted to rise from $14 billion in 2023 to $29 billion by 2027, as businesses seek better financial protection.

13. More than 86% of companies are adopting zero-trust security models in an effort to strengthen their cybersecurity posture.

14. By the end of 2025, up to 60% of organizations on supply chains will start considering the risk of cybersecurity when partnering up with third parties.

15. The FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) recorded 880,418 cybercrime complaints in 2023, marking a 10% increase from 2022 and estimated financial losses surpassing $12.5 billion.

2. Cybersecurity Threats and Attack Trends

16. Ransomware attacks affected 59% of organizations in 2024, impacting businesses of all sizes.

17. Phishing incidents surged by 4,151% following the public release of ChatGPT in late 2022, as attackers leveraged GenAI.

18. DDoS attacks increased by 13%, totaling 8 million attacks in the first half of 2024.

19. Cryptojacking incidents skyrocketed by 659% in 2023, reaching 1.06 billion recorded attacks.

20. IoT malware grew by 107% in 2024, highlighting an increasing focus on internet-connected devices.

21. Mobile malware attacks are rising, with 6.7 million threats blocked in Q3 2024 alone.

22. Business Email Compromise (BEC) scams are responsible for 25% of all cyber incidents, affecting 70% of businesses globally.

23. 68% of cyber breaches involve human error, emphasizing the effectiveness of social engineering techniques.

24. Social media accounts for 30.5% of all phishing attacks, with platforms like Facebook and Instagram among the most targeted.

25. One of the largest DDoS attacks in 2024 peaked at 3.8 TBps, setting a new record for attack scale.

3. Financial Impact of Cybercrime

26. The global average cost of a data breach reached $4.88 million in 2024, with healthcare experiencing the highest breach costs at $9.77 million.

27. Ransomware-related damages projections hit $265 billion annually by 2031, a dramatic increase from $20 billion in 2021.

28. The average cost of a ransomware attack (per incident) is $1,85 million.

29. The cost of ransom demanded by the attackers averages $2 million, a 500% year-over-year growth.

30. SMBs face an average cost of $120,000 per cyberattack, often struggling to recover.

31. Businesses experience financial losses of $53,000 per hour due to ransomware downtime, while DDoS-related downtime costs $6,130 per minute.

32. The cost of cybercrime is projected to reach almost $14 trillion by 2028.

33. 43% of organizations report losing customers after cyberattacks, showcasing the reputational impact of security breaches.

34. 48% of SMBs have suffered cyberattacks, but 43% are unsure of the security measures they need to take.

35. BEC (Business Email Compromise) attacks cost the companies $4,67 on average, while accounting for 8,5% of all data breaches.

36. The cost of a data breach is the highest in the US, followed by the Middle East, Benelux, and Germany.

37. The U.S. government allocated $12.72 billion for cybersecurity efforts in 2024, excluding the Department of Defense.

38. The cost of recovering from a data breach for small companies is around $120 000.

39. Over a decade, business email compromise attacks have cost businesses more than $55 billion.

4. Cybersecurity Statistics: Workforce and Skills Shortage

40. The global cybersecurity workforce currently includes 5.5 million professionals, yet an additional 5 million experts are missing to fill the skill gap.

41. 46% of organizations report unfilled cybersecurity positions at mid-to-senior levels, reflecting widespread talent shortages.

42. 44% of cybersecurity professionals have less than three years of experience, often due to high turnover and competitive recruitment.

43. The demand for cybersecurity experts is highest in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, Africa, and North America.

44. 63% of organizations plan on implementing emerging technologies, such as AI, to support the cybersecurity professionals shortage.

45. Projections state that up to 17 300 IT security analyst jobs will open each year over the next decade.

46. Employment demand growth for IT security analysts is higher than the average demand for all other jobs heading into 2023 (29% in particular).

47. 41% of organizations have already leveraged AI to support the decline of the cybersecurity skills gap.

48. Some 40% of C-level executives plan on using AI to support the shortage of critical skills.

49. Predictions state that AI will erase the need for specialized education up to 50% for all entry-level cybersecurity roles by 2028.

5. Industry-Specific Cybersecurity Statistics

Healthcare

50. Healthcare data breaches have been increasing for 14 consecutive years, with 133 million records compromised in 2023.

51. The cost of healthcare breaches declined slightly to $9.77 million in 2024, a 10.6% year-over-year decrease.

52. 68% of healthcare officials say that they witness approximately 2 attacks yearly.

53. By 2025, 90% of healthcare organizations are expected to shift to cloud-based security solutions.

54. Healthcare is the third most targeted industry worldwide.

55. Ransomware attacks targeting the healthcare industry have grown by 25%.

56. Data breach costs for the healthcare sector have dropped by 10,6%.

Manufacturing

57. Cyberattacks targeting the manufacturing sector increased by 41% in the first half of 2024.

58. Ransomware accounted for 29% of global attacks on manufacturers in Q2 2024, a 56% increase from the previous year.

59. Estimates show that 44% of computers in the retail industry are affected by ransomware.

60. In the manufacturing industry, 62% of victims pay the demanded ransom to the attacker.

61. The average cost of a data breach in the manufacturing industry has grown 18% year-over-year.

62. The manufacturing industry accounts for 6% of all worldwide data breaches yearly.

63. The cost of a data breach in the manufacturing industry averages $3,48 million.

Finance & Insurance

64. The finance sector remains a primary target for cybercriminals, particularly for BEC and ransomware attacks.

65. 78% of financial institutions reported experiencing ransomware attacks in 2024, with the average breach costing $5.9 million.

66. Financial institutions are top targets for deepfake AI attacks.

67. Financial services companies are experiencing a 65% year-over-year growth when it comes to API and web application attacks.

68. Based on phishing alone, financial services organizations are the third most attacked industry.

69. The cost of a data breach in the financial industry increased 2,3% year-over-year.

70. The average cost of a single data breach in the finance industry is $5,9 million.

Education

71. The education sector faced more cyberattacks than any other industry in Q2 2024.

72. Ransomware incidents in education cost an average of $3.65 million per breach.

73. The goal of 95% of ransomware attackers is to gain access to data backups.

74. The cost of downtime (daily) for the education industry can reach up to $550 000.

75. Over a five-year period, ransomware caused data breaches to cost the education sector around $53 billion in downtime.

6. AI and Cybersecurity Statistics

76. 85% of cybersecurity professionals believe AI is making cyberattacks more frequent and sophisticated.

78. GenAI breaches and security issues are reported by 97% of organizations.

79. AI-driven attacks are expected to account for 17% of all cyber threats by 2027.

80. 70% of organizations say AI significantly enhances threat detection and response.

81. GenAI-supported phishing attacks trick 60% of recipients, significantly higher compared to traditional phishing.

82. Estimates say that 80% of phishing scams are AI-supported, forecasting the trend will likely continue.

83. Free GenAI tools, such as ChatGPT, can produce around 30 phishing email templates hourly.

84. The use of AI aids organizations to find data breaches 107 days earlier than companies who don't leverage AI.

85. Cybersecurity costs can be reduced by $2,2 million yearly if the company decides to invest in  Automation Tools and AI.

86. The AI cybersecurity market projections state it will reach $133 billion by 2030.

87. Organizations that actively use AI and security automation can save up to $1,8 million yearly on data breaches, compared to organizations that don't.

88. 53% of companies admit they do not feel prepared for cybersecurity risks posed by AI.

89. 41% of organizations are already using AI to counter cyber alert fatigue.

7. Security Investments and Trends

90. Spending on global information security is projected to increase by 15% in 2025.

91. Research suggests yearly cybersecurity spending projections are at $183,9 billion.

92. The average year-over-year growth for cybersecurity budgets is 8%.

93. A form of zero-trust architecture, Identity and Access Management (IAM), is expected to exceed market worth of $24 billion by the end of 2025.

94. Up to 41% of organizations today use some sort of zero-trust security architecture.

95. 83% of Information Technology professionals in SMEs require using MFA.

8. Cyber Insurance Statistics

96. Global cybersecurity insurance premiums will grow from $14 billion to $19 billion in 2027.

97. Claims made on cybersecurity insurance are growing 13% year-over-year.

98. Cyber insurance carriers report average losses of around $100 000 per claim.

99. 74% of organizations have cybercrime insurance to cover for potential losses.

100. Ransomware was responsible for 19% of all claim reports to cyber insurance.

101. The market size of cyber insurance is expected to top $20 billion.

102. Companies invest an average of 12% of Information Technology budgets on cybersecurity measures.

Cybersecurity Statistics 2025 Wrap Up

It's important to recognize that merely knowing cybersecurity statistics isn't sufficient for safeguarding your assets. These figures should serve as a tool to communicate the real and present dangers of cyber threats, helping you to secure buy-in from both executives and team members. By emphasizing how strategic investments in cybersecurity can mitigate risks and protect organizational interests, you can make a compelling case for increased security measures. Highlighting specific statistics from this data can illustrate potential vulnerabilities and the financial implications of breaches, reinforcing the value of proactive security investments.

Sources

Statista, Gartner, SkyboxSecurity, World Economic Forum, IBM, Ponemon Institute, Sophos, SlashNext, SonicWall, Netscout, Kaspersky Lab, Arctic Wolf, Verizon, APWG, Cloudflare, Cybersecurity Ventures, Hiscox Cybersecurity Report, Sage Group, HIPAA Journal, DuploCloud, Ontinue, Check Point Research, Bridewell, Critical Start, Bitdefender, Imperva, CFO, Capgemini, VikingCloud, Securonix, Cisco, Sprinto, KPMG, Securityintelligence, Astra, HoxHunt, Infosecurity Magazine, Coalition, NetworkAssured, PurpleSec, PentestPeople, Security Magazine, Delphiix, Allianz, Forbes, Veeam, Integrity 260, Harvard Business Review, Abnormal Security, Heimdal, IC3, ProofPoint, Thales Group, Cynerio, Cloudflare, CSO, HelpNetSecurity, DarkReading, VeraCode, Secureframe, Akamai, ThreatDown, Varonis, JumpCloud, Cyberseek, ComputerWorld, Google Cloud, Beyond Trust, BreachSense, Clear Insurance.

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

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Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Top Cybersecurity Trends & Challenges: What to Expect from 2025

This article explores the key cybersecurity trends of 2025, including rising cyber risks, AI-driven threats, supply chain vulnerabilities, regulatory pressures, and workforce shortages. We’ll also provide actionable insights for Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs) and Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) to strengthen their cybersecurity posture.

The Growing Complexity of Cybersecurity

Organizations are facing a multifaceted cybersecurity crisis, driven by several factors:

The disparity in cyber resilience is widening between large and small enterprises, developed and emerging economies, and the private and public sectors. For instance, 35% of small businesses feel unprepared for cyber threats, a figure that has increased significantly since 2022. Meanwhile, major corporations have made substantial improvements in their security measures.

Regional differences in preparedness are also evident. While only 15% of businesses in North America and Europe doubt their country’s ability to respond to cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, this number rises to 36% in Africa and 42% in Latin America.

Top Cybersecurity Challenges in 2025

1. Supply Chain Risks and Third-Party Vulnerabilities

Organizations are becoming increasingly reliant on third-party vendors, making supply chains a primary cybersecurity concern. 54% of large enterprises mention third-party risk management as a major challenge, as weaknesses in suppliers’ security can expose entire ecosystems to cyberattacks.

Some of the biggest concerns include:

A significant 41% of cybersecurity leaders believe improving visibility into third-party dependencies should be a top priority for strengthening supply chain resilience.

2. Geopolitical Tensions and Cyber Threats

Global instability is increasingly influencing corporate cybersecurity strategies. Nearly 60% of organizations report that geopolitical conflicts have shaped their cybersecurity approach, with a growing focus on cyber espionage, data theft, and operational disruption.

Executives are particularly concerned about:

3. AI Empowering Cybercrime

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the cybersecurity landscape, but it also introduces new risks. While 66% of organizations believe AI will have the greatest impact on cybersecurity, only 37% have security measures in place to evaluate AI tools before deployment.

AI is also empowering cybercriminals, fueling an increase in:

With 47% of organizations mentioning AI-powered cybercrime as a top concern, businesses must prioritize AI security before full-scale deployment.

4. Ransomware and Cyber Fraud on the Rise

The cybersecurity community continues to battle ransomware, which remains the most pressing cyber threat in 2025. 72% of companies reported a rise in cyber risks, and 45% ranked ransomware as their primary concern.

Additionally, cyber-enabled fraud is now the second most significant security risk for organizations. Attackers are increasingly targeting individuals, with identity theft emerging as the leading personal cyber risk. Financially, cyber scams have caused global losses exceeding $1 trillion, with some countries losing more than 3% of their GDP.

5. The Burden of Regulatory Compliance

Governments worldwide are enforcing stricter cybersecurity regulations, which many businesses struggle to keep up with. While 78% of private-sector leaders agree that cybersecurity regulations help mitigate risks, 69% of organizations find compliance to be overly complex due to regulatory fragmentation.

In addition, 48% of CISOs cite third-party compliance as a major roadblock to meeting regulatory requirements, highlighting the challenge of ensuring vendor security standards align with their own.

6. Cybersecurity Workforce Shortages and Leadership Challenges

The cyber skills gap continues to expand, with two-thirds of businesses reporting moderate to critical skill shortages. Alarmingly, only 14% of organizations feel fully equipped with the cybersecurity talent they need.

Key workforce challenges include:

How Organizations Can Build Cyber Resilience in 2025

To tackle these evolving threats, organizations must adopt a proactive approach to cybersecurity. Key strategies include:

Wrap Up

Cyber threats in 2025 are becoming more complex, with businesses facing challenges from AI-driven cybercrime, geopolitical risks, supply chain vulnerabilities, and regulatory fragmentation. Organizations must adopt a holistic approach to cybersecurity, integrating risk management with technological innovation and workforce development.

The responsibility for cyber resilience extends beyond IT teams—it requires strategic leadership alignment between CEOs, CISOs, and board members. By prioritizing a proactive cybersecurity culture, organizations can mitigate risks and safeguard their digital assets in an increasingly volatile cyber landscape.

Source: WEF Global Cybersecurity Outlook 2025

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

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In case you're curious, feel free to contact us - zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

NIS2 and Healthcare: The Prescription for Cybersecurity Compliance

But what exactly does this mean for healthcare providers? How will hospitals, clinics, and medical institutions need to adapt? And what are the risks of non-compliance? In this article, we break down the impact of NIS2 on the healthcare sector, highlight key compliance challenges, and propose practical cybersecurity solutions to help healthcare organizations navigate the NIS2 requirements.

The NIS2 Directive and Healthcare: An Essential Sector Under Scrutiny

Under NIS2, the healthcare sector is classified as an “essential entity.” This means that hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, and medical device manufacturers fall under the highest level of scrutiny in terms of cybersecurity compliance.

Healthcare institutions are a prime target for cyberattacks primarily because attackers are driven by financial gain. Ransomware, one of the most common attack methods, involves encrypting an organization's data and demanding a ransom for its release. In the healthcare sector, where every minute of downtime can jeopardize patient care and even lives, attackers know that these institutions are often forced to act quickly - even if it means paying a hefty sum - to restore operations.

Following, healthcare organizations manage a vast amount of sensitive personal and medical data. This confidential information is highly valuable on the dark web, where attackers can sell it for profit. The potential for unauthorized access, data tampering, and leaks makes healthcare a particularly lucrative target, amplifying the need for rigorous security measures.

Given these challenges, it is crucial for healthcare providers to implement defenses such as Identity and Access Management (IAM) and Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). These measures serve as an extra secure "lock" on the door, countering the common exploitation of weak passwords and improper access controls.

Being an essential entity means that non-compliance is not an option—organizations that fail to meet NIS2 standards can face severe financial penalties, reputational damage, and even legal consequences. Given that healthcare deals with sensitive personal and medical data, the risks associated with cybersecurity breaches are especially high.

What Are the Consequences of Non-Compliance?

Healthcare institutions that fail to comply with NIS2 requirements could face:

To avoid these risks, healthcare organizations need to act now and implement cybersecurity solutions that align with NIS2 requirements.

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compliance journey now

Cybersecurity Challenges in Healthcare & NIS2 Compliance

1. Secure Authentication & MFA Adoption

One of the biggest gaps in healthcare cybersecurity is the continued reliance on static passwords. Many hospitals still allow employees to log into critical systems with simple usernames and passwords, making them easy targets for phishing and credential-based attacks. Common examples of such weak passwords include “password123”, “11111”, and other easily guessable combinations. Incorporating additional authentication factors - such as an m-token or hardware token - ensures that even if a weak password is compromised, the attacker cannot gain access without the physical token.

Solution: Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) & Passwordless Security

Use Case:
A major European hospital experienced a ransomware attack that was attributed to weak login security. In response, the institution explored stronger authentication measures, including the implementation of multi-factor authentication (MFA) and other advanced authentication methods, such as biometric smartcards. These changes helped reduce the risk of phishing-related breaches, streamlined the login process for employees, and significantly strengthened the organization’s overall cybersecurity posture.

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2. Identity & Access Management (IAM)

With thousands of medical personnel, doctors, nurses, and administrative staff accessing healthcare systems daily, controlling who has access to what is crucial. Many hospitals lack centralized access control, leading to excessive privileges being granted, making it easier for attackers to exploit them.

Solution: Role-Based IAM Solution

A centralized Identity and Access Management (IAM) solution:

Use Case:
Let's say a company is worried about unauthorized access to medical data. By deploying an IAM system with role-based access control (RBAC), they reduced insider threats and ensured that only authorized personnel could access sensitive data.

3. Digital Signatures & PKI for Medical Documentation

Despite the shift to digital transformation, many hospitals and clinics still rely on paper-based documentation for prescriptions, patient records, and administrative approvals. Handwritten signatures are not only inefficient but also pose security risks—documents can be forged, lost, or tampered with.

Solution: PKI-Based Digital Signatures

By implementing Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) technology, hospitals can:

Use Case:
Many healthcare providers have started adopting digital signatures for electronic prescriptions as a way to enhance the security and integrity of medical documents. This shift not only helps in reducing the risk of fraud but also streamlines administrative processes, potentially leading to more efficient workflows and faster processing times.

Additional Cybersecurity Solutions for Healthcare Under NIS2

Beyond the core challenges mentioned, healthcare organizations should also consider:

4. Endpoint Security & Network Segmentation

With the rise of connected medical devices (IoMT), healthcare IT environments are increasingly vulnerable. Hospitals should:

5. Incident Response & Cybersecurity Training

Under NIS2, healthcare institutions must establish a formal incident response plan and conduct regular cybersecurity training for employees. This includes:

NIS2 as Prescription for Stronger Cybersecurity in Healthcare

The healthcare sector is facing a critical turning point in cybersecurity. With the NIS2 directive enforcing stricter requirements, hospitals, clinics, and pharmaceutical companies must prioritize cybersecurity investments or risk financial penalties, operational disruptions, and reputational damage.

By addressing key challenges such as MFA implementation, IAM solutions, digital signatures, and endpoint security, healthcare organizations can fortify their cybersecurity posture while improving efficiency and patient safety.

The time to act is now—securing healthcare systems today will protect patients, data, and critical medical infrastructure for the future.

How ASEE Can Help

Need help navigating NIS2 compliance for your healthcare organization? Our team provides tailored cybersecurity solutions designed to meet regulatory requirements while enhancing security and efficiency. Contact us!

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Top 5 Banking Security Trends in 2025 to Look Out For

In 2025, staying ahead of cyber threats means being proactive, tightening security strategies, and keeping up with shifting regulations. Financial institutions need to be adaptable, move quickly, and build strong protections to keep their systems and customer data safe.

Key Cybersecurity Trends in 2025

The Acceleration of Digital Innovation

Banks are pushing forward with new technology to improve customer experiences and efficiency. But with more digital tools comes a greater need for strong security measures to keep hackers from exploiting weaknesses in online banking platforms and mobile apps.

AI and Automation in Cyber Defense

AI-powered security tools are becoming essential for spotting and stopping cyber threats in real-time. Automated detection systems, behavioral analytics, and machine learning help banks respond quickly to potential breaches. However, cybercriminals are also using AI to launch smarter attacks, meaning financial institutions need to keep improving their security strategies.

Cloud Security Challenges and Solutions

As more banks move to the cloud, securing these systems is a top priority. Misconfigurations, unauthorized access, and data breaches are major risks. To counter these threats, banks are investing in encryption, multi-factor authentication, and continuous monitoring to protect sensitive information.

Keeping Up with Changing Regulations

Governments and regulators are introducing stricter cybersecurity rules for financial institutions. Staying compliant with new data privacy laws and security standards is key to keeping customer trust and avoiding penalties. In 2025, banks will need to focus on regular risk assessments, transparency in reporting, and aligning with international security frameworks.

Managing Third-Party Security Risks

Banks increasingly rely on third-party vendors for services like payment processing and cloud hosting. But these partnerships also bring additional security risks. Financial institutions must conduct thorough security audits, enforce strict access controls, and implement ongoing monitoring to reduce potential threats from third-party relationships.

Top Cyber Threats Facing Financial Institutions

Ransomware Attacks Keep Getting Smarter

Ransomware remains one of the biggest threats to banks, with attackers using advanced techniques to lock institutions out of critical systems. In 2025, banks must have solid backup solutions, incident response plans, and network segmentation to reduce the damage from these attacks.

Cloud-Based Attacks Are Increasing

As banks move more operations to the cloud, cybercriminals are finding new ways to exploit misconfigurations and vulnerabilities. Strengthening cloud security policies, using zero-trust frameworks, and implementing continuous monitoring can help reduce these risks.

AI-Powered Phishing Scams

Hackers are using AI to create more convincing phishing attacks that slip past traditional security filters. These AI-generated scams closely mimic legitimate emails, making them harder to catch. Banks need to strengthen email security and provide regular training to employees to recognize and report phishing attempts.

Weaknesses in Third-Party and Supply Chain Security

Cybercriminals are targeting banks through their vendors, exploiting weak security in supply chains. To address this, financial institutions need to enforce stricter security requirements for partners, limit vendor access to critical systems, and have backup plans in case of a breach.

Insider Threats and Human Error

Employees—whether intentionally or accidentally—can pose serious security risks. Unauthorized data access, fraud, or simple mistakes can lead to breaches. Banks need to enforce strict access controls, monitor user activity, and invest in ongoing cybersecurity training to reduce these risks.

Strengthening Cybersecurity Measures in 2025

Having a Strong Incident Response Plan

A clear response plan can minimize damage and speed up recovery after a cyberattack. Banks should regularly test and update their plans to keep up with changing threats.

Improving Employee Cybersecurity Awareness

Human error is a major factor in security breaches. Ongoing training programs that teach employees how to recognize phishing attempts, secure their credentials, and report suspicious activity can go a long way in preventing attacks.

Strengthening Third-Party Risk Management

With more reliance on vendors, banks need to tighten their risk management policies. Regular security audits and strict access controls can help prevent breaches that originate from external partners.

Moving to a Zero-Trust Security Model

A zero-trust approach means assuming that no one—inside or outside the organization—should be trusted by default. Using multi-factor authentication, continuous access verification, and strict identity controls helps keep sensitive systems secure.

Staying on Top of Regulatory Requirements

Regulatory bodies are setting stricter cybersecurity guidelines, making compliance more important than ever. Banks that stay ahead of these changes, conduct internal audits, and implement strong data protection measures will avoid legal trouble and maintain customer trust.

Conclusion

Cybersecurity in banking is constantly changing, and financial institutions need to stay alert. In 2025, banks must use AI-driven security, strengthen cloud protections, and take a proactive approach to risk management. By focusing on security awareness, keeping up with regulations, and putting strong defenses in place, banks can protect their systems from emerging threats. Staying ahead of cybercriminals isn’t just about security - it’s about ensuring trust and stability in the financial industry.

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

Download ebook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

PSD3: Key Points Relevant to the Payments Industry

What is PSD3 (Payments Services Directive)?

PSD3 refers to a predefined set of rules in the payment sector aiming to improve and expand upon the objectives set by earlier directives - PSD1 dating from 2007 and PSD2 issued in 2015.

The European Commission's directives on payment services aim to establish a unified market for payments within the EU. This unified market is intended to ensure consistent levels of consumer protection, efficiency, and innovation across all member states. The directive aims to simplify and secure cross-border payments, aligning the rules for electronic payments while encouraging competition and innovation. While PSD1 aimed to create this unified market, PSD2 and the upcoming PSD3 focus on further strengthening it by introducing security for consumers, merchants, and payment service providers to address the evolving landscape of financial services.

PSD3 Key Points

PSD3 Timeline

The European Union published the first draft of the Third Payments Services Directive (PSD3) on June 28th, 2023. The final version of PSD3 is expected to be released in late 2024, or early 2025, while the directive is set to take full effect in 2026. This will be followed by the standard 18-month transition period granted to member states for implementation.

PSD2 vs PSD3

Banks, payment service providers, and all entities impacted by the European Commission's Payment Services Directives might perceive PSD3 as a continuation of PSD2, rather than a major shift in Europe's payment services setup.

The anticipated new regulations stemming from PSD3 improve upon current standards without requiring extensive reconstruction of payment frameworks or costly integration of new technologies. The goal of PSD3 is to expand upon the achievements of PSD2 and provide straightforward solutions to address gaps or areas that are insufficiently covered by PSD2.

Key Differences

PSD3 Key Objectives

1.     Stringent SCA Requirements

When observing the effects of PSD2, the European Commission concluded that the Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) requirements proved to have the most impact on its fraud-prevention efforts. SCA, in general, provides an additional layer of payment security by requiring the end user to apply a minimum of two authentication factors prior to initiating the payment. These factors fall into the following categories:

An extension to the existing process proposed by the PSD3 includes:

2.     Spoofing/Impersonation Fraud Prevention

Since social engineering fraud gained traction only in the past few years, PSD2 did not provide sufficient guidelines on battling the issue. What makes impersonation fraud or ''spoofing'' a challenge to prevent, is the authentication step that is present during the transaction authorization. This means that the processed payment looks legitimate. However, in reality, the user is manipulated into revealing sensitive data necessary to finalize a payment.

This is where PSD3 comes into play. Proposed points for enhanced spoofing protection include the following:

3.     Open banking enhancements

PSD3 intends to enhance the groundwork established by PSD2 in "open banking," where authorized third-party providers access a customer's banking and payment data to offer useful services like expense summaries, budgeting, and tailored financial products.

The objective of PSD3 concerning open banking is to refine data sharing between banks and TPs without causing disruption to the current structure or raising expenses. Alongside setting stricter guidelines for data access interfaces, PSD3 mentions implementing the following alterations to open banking:

4.     Increased Cash Availability

Through PSD3, the European Commission aims to broaden consumer access to cash by simplifying the provision of cash withdrawal services by ATM operators and merchants. PSD3 introduces two primary methods to expand cash availability for consumers:

Cash Withdrawals without Purchase Obligation at Physical Stores

Currently, retailers like supermarkets can offer customers "cashback" alongside purchases. PSD3 updates these regulations, enabling retailers to provide this cash withdrawal service independently, separate from a purchase. Essentially, customers can request cash directly from the cashier using their payment card or mobile wallet without making a purchase. To ensure fair competition with ATMs and prevent depleting the cash reserves of physical stores, certain limitations like a €50 withdrawal cap will remain in place.

Increased ATM Availability

PSD2 permits certain ATM operators (those not serving payment accounts) to function without a license. PSD3 aims to clarify these exemptions to encourage a higher number of ATMs throughout the EU, especially in regions with limited or no access to ATMs.

How can ASEE help?

Are you experiencing issues with spoofing attacks targeting your clients? We'll gladly offer guidance and help you protect your business and your customers.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

Integrity Check for Mobile Apps: Detecting and Preventing Tampering in Real-Time

Without an integrity check in place, attackers can modify your app’s code, bypass security mechanisms, and compromise user trust. In this article, we’ll discuss why integrity checks are crucial for mobile app security and how they protect both your app and your users from tampering.

What Does Integrity Check Mean for Mobile Apps?

Integrity is a data property that ensures that the data or the app’s code has not been altered. This includes either by accident or by malicious intent. In terms of cybersecurity, integrity is a core part of the CIA triad. CIA generally stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. While confidentiality protects data from unauthorized access, availability ensures data is accessible when needed. Integrity, our main topic, guarantees that the data or app code has not been inappropriately altered.

For mobile apps, integrity is especially important. If attackers are able to compromise an app’s integrity, they can change its behavior, introduce harmful code, or bypass security measures. All of thiscan lead to security breaches, financial loss, and reputational damage.

Real-World Examples of Integrity Check Breaches

To better understand how important it is to include integrity check in your security strategy, let’s look at some real-world examples where the integrity of mobile apps was compromised:

  1. Spotify Premium Hack: Attackers altered the app to unlock premium features without paying, resulting in lost revenue and user trust.
  2. Pokemon GO Location Tracking Bypass: Hackers bypassed the app’s location-tracking features. This allowed players to earn rewards without physically moving – one of the main ideas behind the app.
  3. Fake Banking App Attacks: Attackers distribute counterfeit apps to steal user data. These apps are made to look like legitimate banking apps but are actually designed to steal sensitive user information.

Each of these examples illustrates how compromising the app's integrity leads to the mentioned damage. Whether it's financial loss, losing user trust, or reputational damage, you should maintain the integrity of your mobile application intact.

Why Mobile App Integrity Check Is Essential

For app developers, maintaining the integrity of their applications is one of the most important aspects of mobile security. Without proper protection, attackers can modify the app, inject malicious code, or distribute altered versions through unofficial channels. The integrity check detects and prevents these risks by verifying the app code is the same as the original code.

Here are some reasons why integrity check should be included in every mobile app:

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Benefits of Integrity Checks for Penetration Testing

Now, let’s look at how integrity checking plays a key role in penetration testing. Pen testing helps identify vulnerabilities in your app, and implementing integrity checks makes these tests more effective by ensuring the app’s security is accurately assessed. Here are the main benefits of using integrity checks during penetration testing:

1. Tamper Detection

Integrity checks are essential for detecting unauthorized modifications to your app’s code or resources. During a penetration test, these checks ensure that the app is functioning as intended, without any alterations or injected malicious code. This guarantees that the test results are accurate, and the app’s behavior remains consistent, free from external tampering. Pen testers can rely on this to verify that vulnerabilities are not artificially created or altered during testing.

2. Runtime Verification

Integrity check mechanisms actively monitor your app’s behavior during execution. They can detect anomalies such as injected code or other unexpected actions triggered by debugging tools or manipulation techniques often used in penetration testing. This real-time monitoring ensures that any attempt to manipulate the app’s runtime environment is immediately flagged, offering instant insight into potential vulnerabilities.

3. Response to Breaches

One of the most impressive aspects of integrity checks is their ability to trigger defensive actions when tampering is detected. For example, if penetration testers attempt to alter the app or inject malicious code, the integrity check mechanism can automatically shut down the app or disable critical functionalities, preventing further exploitation. This proactive defense mechanism not only impresses penetration testers but also strengthens the overall security of your app by demonstrating the presence of real-time threat response capabilities.

4. Compliance Demonstration

Many regulatory frameworks, such as PCI-DSS, require apps to have integrity measures in place to ensure the secure handling of sensitive information. During penetration testing, integrity checks help demonstrate that your app meets these compliance requirements. By implementing integrity checks, you not only improve security but also ensure that your app adheres to important industry standards, making it easier to pass audits and certifications.

How ASEE Integrity Check Enhances App Security

One effective tool for ensuring app integrity is the ASEE Integrity Check solution. Available for both iOS and Android, ASEE Integrity Check protects apps from tampering by verifying that the app’s code has not been altered - and here’s how it works:

  1. App Footprint Calculation: After the app is developed and ready for release, ASEE Integrity Check calculates a secure digital signature of the app’s code, known as its “footprint.”
  2. Publish the App: The app is then published to the app store.
  3. Runtime Integrity Checks: After users download the app, ASEE Integrity Check runs runtime checks to ensure that the app’s code hasn’t been altered since it was first published.

This solution helps detect tampered apps in real-time, providing protection against unauthorized changes.

Types of Integrity Checks

ASEE Integrity Check offers two types of verification methods:

Wrap Up

If your mobile app’s integrity is compromised, the consequences are clear - security breaches, financial loss, damaged brand reputation, you name it.  Integrity checks are the frontline defense against these risks.

By implementing a solution like ASEE Integrity Check, you ensure that your app remains exactly as it was intended, preventing malicious modifications and protecting users from harm. In times when every breach could mean financial loss, regulatory penalties, or customer distrust, the integrity of your app isn’t just a technical concern - it's a business priority.

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How Can Expired Certificates Lead to NIS2 Non-Compliance? 

With the rise of cyber threats, the NIS2 Directive was introduced to strengthen cybersecurity across the EU. It demands stricter security requirements, risk management measures, and incident reporting obligations for essential and important entities. 

A key aspect of NIS2 compliance is ensuring secure authentication and data protection, where Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and digital certificates play a crucial role. Proper certificate management is essential to maintaining security and regulatory compliance. 

But what happens when certificates expire? How can expired certificates lead to NIS2 non-compliance? 

The Role of PKI and Certificates in NIS2 Compliance 

One of the fundamental security principles outlined in NIS2 is ensuring secure communication and authentication. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and digital certificates serve as the backbone of secure digital identity verification, encryption, and data integrity. They help organizations authenticate users and devices, encrypt sensitive information, and prevent unauthorized access – aligning directly with NIS2 security mandates 

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Use Cases for PKI Certificates in NIS2 Compliance 

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) certificates play a crucial role in securing multiple aspects of an organization's digital ecosystem. Some of the most critical use cases for certificates usage to ensure NIS2 compliance include: 

By implementing these security measures, organizations can reduce cybersecurity risks, protect critical infrastructure, and meet NIS2 compliance obligations

Mandatory Requirements and Regulatory Compliance 

To comply with NIS2, organizations must fulfill several key security obligations, including: 

Failure to manage PKI certificates properly – such as allowing them to expire – can lead to security vulnerabilities and regulatory violations, potentially resulting in fines and reputational damage

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How Can Organizations Ensure Compliance? 

To avoid NIS2 non-compliance and strengthen their cybersecurity posture, organizations should follow best practices in PKI and certificate management: 

By integrating PKI best practices and automation tools, organizations can enhance security, maintain compliance with NIS2, and prevent disruptions caused by expired or mismanaged certificates

Wrap Up

NIS2 sets strict guidelines for security, risk management, and compliance. PKI certificates play an important role in fulfilling these requirements by enabling secure communications, authenticating identities, and protecting sensitive data.  

Also, compliance is not just about implementing certificates—it’s about managing them properly. Expired or misconfigured certificates can lead to security vulnerabilities, service disruptions, and regulatory penalties. Organizations must take a proactive approach by automating certificate lifecycle management, enforcing strict security policies, and conducting regular audits

By implementing PKI best practices and automation tools, businesses can not only meet NIS2 obligations but also strengthen their overall cybersecurity posture. The question is: Is your organization prepared to manage its certificates effectively and stay compliant? 

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NIS2 FAQ – The NIS2 Directive Frequently Asked Questions

We understand it can be a challenge to stay on top of new cybersecurity regulations, especially when they affect the vital services your organization provides. This is why we provided you with a NIS2 FAQ  to guide you step by step, clarifying what NIS2 entails, who falls under its scope, and how to meet its requirements. We’re here to help you feel confident about safeguarding your operations while remaining compliant.

1. What are the main objectives of the NIS2 Directive?

The primary goal of the NIS2 Directive is to increase cybersecurity capabilities throughout the European Union. It encourages stronger risk management among key infrastructure providers, increases collaboration among EU member states, and enforces stricter requirements for reporting security incidents.

2. Which organizations does the NIS2 Directive affect?

NIS2 applies to both “essential” and “important” entities. These are companies or institutions that deliver vital services needed to keep society, the economy, and the internal market functioning smoothly.

3. How does NIS2 differ from its predecessor, NIS?

NIS2 has an expanded sector scope, introduces clear consequences for non-compliance, sets new security standards, and enhances cooperation across jurisdictions and the mechanisms for reporting cyber incidents.

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4. What are the differences between “essential” and “important” entities?

The main difference lies in the organization’s scale and the potential social or economic impact of disruptions. A service outage at an essential entity can result in far-reaching consequences—economic instability, public safety risks, and major social disruption. Although important entities can also experience negative impacts, those impacts tend to be relatively less severe.

5. Which entities are classified as “essential,” and which as “important”?

6. If an organization does not meet the size thresholds for “essential” or “important” entities, is it still affected by NIS2?

Possibly. Even if it does not fit the “essential” or “important” size categories, an organization can still fall under NIS2 if it is a sole provider of a critical service, if disruption could significantly affect public safety or health, if it poses systemic risks, or if it is vital to a particular sector (including at the national level).

7. What are the size criteria for essential entities?

Typically, essential entities exceed the upper boundary for medium-sized enterprises: more than 250 employees, annual turnover above 50 million euros, and a balance sheet exceeding 43 million euros. Entities of special strategic value might be deemed essential regardless of size.

8. What are the size criteria for important entities?

Important entities generally have between 50 and 250 employees, with an annual turnover of up to 50 million euros and a balance sheet not exceeding 43 million euros—or they surpass these limits while still delivering services deemed “important.” Additionally, entities with 50–250 employees that do not meet certain thresholds can still be labeled as important if they operate in key sectors or meet specific critical criteria.

9. What if an organization fits both “essential” and “important” criteria?

If an organization qualifies as both, it must comply with the requirements set for essential entities.

10. Are there incident reporting obligations?

Yes. All entities subject to the directive must inform the relevant authorities about any incident threatening service continuity. Essential and important entities have a strict timeline: an initial notification within 24 hours (covering the nature of the incident and cross-border implications), an interim report within 72 hours, and a final report within 30 days detailing severity, impact, root cause, mitigation steps, and cross-border effects.

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11. How can organizations gauge their readiness for NIS2?

One practical method is to use a GAP analysis questionnaire, which compares existing cybersecurity measures to the directive’s requirements, highlighting areas needing improvement.

12. How long does it typically take to comply with NIS2?

The timeline varies based on factors like current cybersecurity maturity, organizational complexity, size, and national specifics. On average, many entities can reach full compliance within about 12 months.

13. What penalties apply if an entity does not comply with NIS2?

Essential entities may face fines up to 10 million euros or 2% of their global annual turnover—whichever is higher—while important entities can be fined up to 7 million euros or 1.4% of their worldwide annual revenue, again depending on which figure is greater.

NIS2 FAQ Wrap Up

We hope this NIS2 FAQ has made the Directive a bit clearer and easier to navigate. If you’re unsure about any details or would like more personalized guidance, our team is ready to assist. Feel free to reach out for further support or answers to any additional questions.

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ASEE Product Updates: Q4 2024 Highlights

Stay Ahead with NIS2 Compliance

Navigating new regulations can be a challenge, but we’re here to help. We’ve launched a dedicated NIS2 landing page to guide your organization through this critical directive. With resources designed to help you achieve compliance and bolster your cybersecurity strategy, staying ahead has never been easier.

New in Payments: American Express SafeKey for Issuers

In 2025, ASEE Solutions will roll out updates to support the American Express SafeKey 3D Secure program. Issuing banks will now be able to authenticate American Express cards with Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) methods.

Since 2021, SafeKey has been supported on the acquiring side. With this new feature, ASEE’s robust 3D Secure cloud solutions now fully support all major card schemes, including VISA, Mastercard, Diners, China UnionPay, and American Express.

Spotlight: ASEE Authenticator

The upcoming ASEE Authenticator app is a key part of our NIS2 offerings. It simplifies secure authentication for employees, partners, and contractors across third-party services and applications.

Features include:

Mobile Security: Online Integrity Check

Introducing Online Integrity Check, our latest security mechanism designed to protect your applications from malicious code modifications.

Key features:

💡 Don’t miss out on our webinar where our experts demonstrate the power of Online Integrity Check and guide you through its integration.

CMS Innovations for 2025

Our Certificate Management System (CMS) is evolving with exciting new functionalities:

Got ideas? Join our product discovery workshops and help shape the future of CMS!

Expert Insights on NIS2

Still have questions about the NIS2 directive? Our cybersecurity experts and product managers are breaking it down. From MFA to IAM, discover how our solutions align with NIS2 compliance and strengthen your security posture.

Save the Date: ALERT Conference 2025

Mark your calendars for May 15th, 2025! The 4th edition of ASEE’s ALERT Conference will take place in Zagreb at the Hilton Garden Inn. Expect thought-provoking panels, the latest cybersecurity trends, and unparalleled networking opportunities with industry leaders.

Register now

Meet the People Behind ASEE

Behind every innovation at ASEE are the brilliant minds of our team. Check out our new cybersecurity showcase on LinkedIn, where we highlight the expertise of our amazing colleagues.

Wrapping Up Q4

From cutting-edge solutions to future-focused initiatives, we’re dedicated to helping your business thrive. Have questions or want to learn more? Get in touch.

Here’s to a secure and successful 2025!

5 Key IAM Strategies to Achieve NIS2 Compliance and Cybersecurity Readiness

Most cyberattacks start with something as simple as a compromised password. And with the NIS2 Directive raising the bar for cybersecurity across industries, organizations need to rethink how they manage access.

A strong Identity Access Management (IAM) solution isn’t just about keeping hackers out - it’s about meeting compliance standards, protecting sensitive data, and making life easier for users. From eliminating passwords to using AI to spot suspicious activity, the right IAM features can help you stay secure and stay compliant. Curious about what to prioritize? Here are five features that could transform your approach to IAM.

1.     Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

MFA is a cornerstone of any secure IAM strategy, requiring users to verify their identity through multiple factors—something they know (password), something they have (security token), or something they are (biometric). The NIS2 Directive underscores the importance of comprehensive identity verification to prevent unauthorized access, making MFA a critical feature for compliance.

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Modern IAM solutions enhance MFA with adaptive mechanisms, assessing risks based on location, device, and behavior to determine when additional verification is needed. For instance, an employee logging in from an unfamiliar location might be prompted for biometric confirmation, while a trusted login skips extra steps. This balance between security and user experience aligns with NIS2’s emphasis on strong yet practical security measures.

2. Single Sign-On (SSO)

Managing multiple credentials is not only inconvenient but also increases the risk of password-related vulnerabilities. SSO solves this problem by allowing users to access multiple applications and services with a single set of credentials. By centralizing authentication, SSO aligns with NIS2’s focus on secure and controlled access to critical systems.

Modern SSO supports federation standards like SAML and OpenID Connect, enabling seamless integration with cloud services, on-premises systems, and third-party platforms. For organizations adhering to NIS2, this interoperability ensures that employees and partners can securely access the resources they need without creating additional compliance risks.

3. Granular Access Control

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) are fundamental to managing permissions. Modern IAM solutions should enable fine-grained control, ensuring users have access only to resources essential for their roles. These capabilities ensure compliance with NIS2 by reducing over-privileged access and maintaining detailed records of access activities.

The shift towards ABAC allows organizations to enforce dynamic policies based on user attributes, environmental conditions, and resource sensitivity. For example, access to sensitive financial data might require not only specific job roles but also access from a corporate device within a secure network.

4. Passwordless Authentication

Traditional passwords are often a weak link in security. Modern IAM solutions are moving toward passwordless authentication methods such as biometric scans, security keys, and device-based credentials. These methods reduce reliance on passwords, enhance security, and improve user experiences by removing the need to remember complex credentials. NIS2 encourages secure and user-friendly authentication methods, making passwordless authentication an ideal solution for compliance and security.

Organizations adopting passwordless approaches benefit from reduced helpdesk costs associated with password resets and enhanced user satisfaction. Additionally, biometric solutions like fingerprint or facial recognition ensure that only the intended user can access resources, adding an extra layer of security.

5. AI-Powered Threat Detection

NIS2 mandates real-time monitoring and proactive incident management to address cybersecurity risks. Artificial intelligence and machine learning enable IAM systems to detect and respond to potential threats in real-time. By analyzing user behavior and identifying anomalies, these solutions can proactively block unauthorized access attempts, trigger alerts, or enforce stricter access protocols. AI enhances both security and operational efficiency, making it a must-have feature in today’s threat environment.

For instance, AI can identify unusual login times, locations, or patterns that deviate from a user's typical behavior, flagging these events for immediate review. Integrating AI-driven threat detection with security information and event management (SIEM) systems further strengthens organizational defenses.

The Regulatory Alignments: NIS2 Directive

The NIS2 Directive emphasizes the need for comprehensive identity and access controls across essential services and critical infrastructure. IAM features such as MFA, granular access control, and AI-driven monitoring directly support compliance with NIS2. By integrating these capabilities, organizations can align with the directive’s requirements and enhance their overall security posture.

Improved Access Controls: NIS2 mandates stricter access controls, aligning perfectly with IAM solutions offering MFA and dynamic policies.

Incident Reporting and Monitoring: IAM’s real-time monitoring and reporting capabilities meet NIS2’s requirements for incident management.

Supply Chain Security: Granular access controls ensure secure third-party access, reducing supply chain risks highlighted in the directive.

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Conclusion

A modern IAM solution must blend security, usability, and adaptability to meet today’s challenges. Also, The NIS2 Directive has raised the stakes for cybersecurity, and implementing a modern IAM solution is one of the most effective ways to stay compliant while protecting your organization from evolving threats. Features like MFA, SSO, granular access control, passwordless authentication, and AI-powered threat detection not only align with NIS2 requirements but also create a safer, more efficient digital environment for your team.

Are your IAM systems ready to meet both the challenges of cybersecurity and the demands of NIS2 compliance? Now is the time to find out – contact us.

Phishing attacks: How to recognize and protect your organization from phishing scams

In this blog, we will explore what phishing is and why it's dangerous. We will also break down the most common types of phishing attacks and techniques used by scammers. Additionally, we'll provide an example of a phishing email and offer tips on how to recognize and protect yourself against these scams. We'll discuss best practices for preventing phishing attacks, including user awareness training, implementing MFA, and conducting periodic phishing attack tests. Read on to learn how you can keep your organization safe from phishing scams.

Understanding phishing attacks

As technology evolves, so do the methods used to exploit it. One such method is phishing, which can wreak havoc on both individuals and organizations. In a phishing scam, perpetrators trick unsuspecting victims into divulging sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and bank account details. Phishing attacks come in various forms, including spear phishing, smishing, vishing, and whaling. Identifying these scams isn't always easy, but with the right tools and training, you can protect yourself and your organization from their harmful effects. In the following sections, we'll explore the different types of phishing attacks and provide some best practices for staying safe in today's digital landscape.

What is phishing?

Phishing is a type of cyber attack that has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Attackers use deceptive tactics to trick people into revealing sensitive information, such as login credentials and credit card numbers. The goal is to gain access to valuable data and use it for financial gain or other malicious purposes. Phishing attacks are particularly dangerous because they can be difficult to detect, and even a single successful attack can have far-reaching consequences. To protect your organization from phishing scams, it's essential to educate employees about the warning signs of a phishing attack and implement effective security measures such as firewalls, anti-virus software, and multi-factor authentication.

Why are phishing attacks dangerous?

Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to individuals and organizations alike. Attackers use social engineering tactics to trick victims into revealing sensitive information or clicking on malicious links, leading to data breaches, financial losses, and reputational damage. As phishing attacks become increasingly sophisticated and difficult to detect, it is crucial for individuals and organizations to stay vigilant and implement effective security measures. By implementing security training programs, using anti-phishing software, and regularly updating their security protocols, organizations can protect themselves from the potentially devastating consequences of a successful phishing attack. Similarly, individuals can protect themselves by being cautious of suspicious emails or messages and verifying the sender's identity before taking any action.

Common types of phishing attacks

With evolving cyber threats, it is essential to understand the different types of phishing attacks that can harm individuals and organizations and take appropriate prevention measures. By learning about these different attack techniques and implementing effective countermeasures, individuals and organizations can better safeguard themselves against these threats.

Email phishing

Email phishing is one of the most common types of cyber attacks that individuals and organizations face today. Attackers use fraudulent emails to trick recipients into divulging sensitive information or clicking on malicious links. These emails often appear to be from legitimate sources, such as banks or government agencies, making them difficult to distinguish from actual emails. Clicking on a link in a phishing email can lead to various consequences, including installing malware on the recipient's computer or redirecting them to fake websites to steal login credentials. To protect against email phishing, it is crucial to verify the sender's email address and avoid clicking on links or downloading attachments from unknown sources. Organizations should also consider implementing security training programs to educate employees about recognizing and avoiding phishing scams.

Spear phishing

Spear phishing is a highly targeted form of phishing that can be difficult to detect. Attackers take their time gathering information about their targets, such as their personal and professional interests, online activity, and job responsibilities. This information is helpful for crafting convincing messages that appear to come from trusted sources. These messages can include urgent requests for sensitive information or links to seemingly legitimate websites with the sole purpose of stealing login credentials.

Whaling and CEO fraud

High-level executives are particularly vulnerable to phishing attacks, and Whaling and CEO Fraud are two types of attacks that target them specifically. These attacks are often successful because attackers use social engineering tactics to personalize the email content to appear legitimate. Whaling scams usually involve impersonating a senior executive to gain access to sensitive information or funds, while CEO fraud involves impersonating the CEO or other top-level executives to trick employees into making unauthorized transactions.

Clone phishing

One of the more insidious techniques attackers use is clone phishing. In this type of attack, hackers create a replica of a legitimate email and modify it to include malicious links or attachments. Clone phishing can be challenging to detect because the email appears genuine at first glance. Attackers may gather personal information about their target through social engineering tactics to make the email seem more convincing. To stay protected, it's crucial to scrutinize emails closely, especially those requesting sensitive data or containing unexpected links or attachments.

Angler phishing

Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, providing a platform to connect and communicate with people from all over the world. However, this increased connectivity has also brought an increased risk of phishing attacks. Angler phishing is a sophisticated type of phishing attack that targets users through social media platforms, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, or Twitter. Attackers create fake social media profiles and use them to trick victims into clicking on malicious links or downloading malware.

Other techniques used in phishing attacks

When it comes to phishing scams, attackers use a wide range of techniques beyond email-based attacks. One such method is vishing, where scammers use voice recordings to trick victims into revealing sensitive information over the phone. SMS phishing or smishing is a tactic employed by fraudsters who send phishing text messages on mobile phones, often containing malicious links or attachments. Page hijacking and calendar phishing are additional ways attackers can redirect users to fake websites or scam them through fake calendar invites. By educating employees on how to identify and report potential phishing scams, organizations can safeguard their sensitive data from cybercriminals looking to exploit any vulnerability they can find.

Vishing (voice phishing)

As technology advances, scammers are finding new ways to obtain sensitive information from unsuspecting victims. Vishing, or voice phishing, is one such technique that has become increasingly popular in recent years. Scammers often pose as legitimate organizations or individuals and use social engineering tactics to gain the trust of their victims over the phone. They may ask for personal information such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, and login credentials, putting individuals and businesses at risk of fraud and identity theft.

To prevent falling prey to vishing attacks, it's essential to verify the identity of the caller before sharing any sensitive information. This can be done by contacting the organization directly through a verified phone number or website. Additionally, educating employees about vishing and other phishing techniques can help protect your organization from these scams. By taking these precautions, you can keep both yourself and your business safe from the harmful effects of voice phishing.

SMS phishing

SMS phishing, also known as smishing, is a type of phishing attack that uses text messages to lure victims into sharing their sensitive information. These messages may appear to be from legitimate sources such as banks or government agencies, but in reality, the senders are cybercriminals looking to steal personal information. To protect yourself from SMS phishing, it is crucial to verify the legitimacy of any message before responding or clicking on links. This can be done by checking the sender's phone number or verifying the link's domain name. By staying cautious and informed, you can prevent falling prey to SMS phishing scams.

Page hijacking

Page hijacking is a common technique that redirects users from a legitimate website to a fake one. This type of attack is particularly dangerous as it may go unseen by the user until sensitive information has already been compromised. Phishers use several methods to hijack pages, including malware, cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, and DNS hijacking. Once the user lands on the fake page, a form prompts them to enter sensitive information such as passwords or credit card details. To avoid falling prey to page hijacking, it's important to keep your software up-to-date, use strong passwords, and be wary of suspicious emails or links that may lead you to fake websites. It is also a best practice to regularly monitor your financial transactions and report any fraudulent activity immediately.

Calendar phishing

This type of phishing attack involves sending fake calendar invitations that appear legitimate but contain malicious links or requests for sensitive information. Once the user accepts the invitation, the attacker prompts them to provide login credentials or bank account details, which they use for fraudulent activities.

Encourage your team to scrutinize all calendar invitations carefully and verify their legitimacy before accepting them. Additionally, consider investing in security software that can help detect and block phishing attempts in real time. By being vigilant and proactive against these threats, you can minimize the risk of falling victim to a calendar phishing scam.

Example of a phishing email

To get a sense of how deceiving and hard-to-recognize phishing emails are, take a look at an example mentioning a well-renowned company below.

Although the email format looks convincing enough, the text sounds unprofessional and can give the impression of a phishing scam. If this phishing email deceived you, here's what follows. Essentially the email is created with the goal of redirecting the victim to a fake landing page that has the same look and feel as the original one from the well-known company. Here is how the entire phishing scam is envisioned:

  1. The victim clicks on the link and is redirected to a fake PayPay page.
  2. The user is prompted to log in with their username and password.
  3. Upon logging in, the user is presented with an explanation about why their account is restricted in order to add more credibility to the whole scenario.
  4. The user is prompted to enter their billing information.
  5. The victim is prompted to give out credit card information.
  6. ''The account is verified!'' message pops up for added credibility.
  7. The victim is redirected to the actual PayPal homepage.

By now, the attacker has all the information about the victim's PayPal account, has their credit card information, and is capable of accessing the account and causing significant financial damage to the victim. Moreover, the same combination of user credentials used for this scam can be reentered on other popular web services, potentially causing even more damage.

What are the warning signs of a phishing attack?

Although phishing attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated, there are some warning signs that you can look out for to protect yourself from these scams. Here's a list of phishing red flags to watch out for.

1. Asking for personal/company sensitive information

Nowadays, attackers are not going to ask for sensitive information directly in the email. The email will usually contain a link redirecting the victim to a fake web page requiring login information and often credit card details. These types of phishing emails are usually mentioning an urgent request to verify an account.

2. Sudden sense of urgency and threats

It is always a good idea to rethink your next step when faced with emails containing urgent matters that require giving out your/company's information. Also, be skeptical about the ones that mention extremely negative consequences – threatening emails. The attackers are counting on the fact that most people will immediately feel overwhelmed and act as told in order to avoid the conseque

3. Message style

Pay attention to the wording of an email. In case the email is sent by a colleague, ask yourself does it sound overly casual. The same goes for phishing emails pretending to be sent by well-renowned companies. Put some context between the sender and the content of the message, and make sure to double-check the source in case there is any suspicion.

4. Spelling errors

Although spelling errors are common, professional communication is usually run through several spell checks before sending. Therefore, look out for emails containing spelling errors that are coming from unknown sources and well-known companies.

5. Non-standard action requests

A good example would be a request to update/install additional software on your device. These requests usually come from a well-known email address within your company. If you can't recognize the domain or notice the smallest spelling errors regarding the sender's email, make sure to contact your actual IT department and report such cases.

6. Web address inconsistencies

You should always hover over a link attached to an email to uncover the location it's redirecting you to. In case the domain does not match with the sender – let's say an email from PayPal is redirecting you to palpay.com – this is a clear sign of a phishing email.

Best practices to prevent phishing attacks

When it comes to preventing phishing attacks, there are several best practices that organizations can implement. These measures can help reduce the likelihood of successful attacks and minimize any potential damage.

User awareness training

In the fight against phishing attacks, user awareness training is an essential component of any comprehensive anti-phishing strategy. Employees need training to recognize the signs of a phishing attack, such as suspicious emails or requests for sensitive information. Regularly scheduled training sessions can ensure that employees stay up-to-date on the latest phishing techniques and are prepared to respond appropriately.

Effective user awareness training should also cover best practices for password management and safe browsing habits. When employees understand how to avoid risky online behavior, they become less vulnerable to attacks that rely on social engineering tactics. By investing in user awareness training, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of a successful phishing attack and protect their sensitive data from unauthorized access.

Email security tools

Ensuring email security is crucial in protecting your organization from phishing attacks. Email security tools can help detect and block phishing emails before they reach employee inboxes. These tools include spam filters, anti-virus software, and multi-factor authentication that adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second form of verification before allowing access to sensitive information.

However, it's essential to note that email security tools alone may not be enough to prevent successful phishing attacks. Employees need training on how to recognize and report suspicious emails and requests for sensitive information.

Implement MFA

As phishing attacks become increasingly sophisticated, organizations need to implement more robust security measures to protect against them. One such measure is multi-factor authentication (MFA), which adds an extra layer of protection to the login process. By requiring users to provide multiple forms of identification, such as a password and a code sent to their phone, MFA significantly reduces the risk of successful phishing attacks.

Implementing MFA is a simple yet effective way to increase your organization's security posture. Educating employees on the importance of MFA and how to use it properly can go a long way in minimizing the risk of cyberattacks. Regularly reviewing and updating your MFA policies can ensure that your organization is always secure in terms of the latest phishing threats.

Consider passwordless authentication

Authentication is a crucial aspect of protecting your organization from phishing attacks. A strong authentication method can significantly reduce the risk of successful phishing attempts. Passwordless authentication is one such technique that eliminates the need for passwords and uses biometric data or one-time codes sent to a trusted device instead. Not only does this reduce the risk of phishing scams, but it also improves user experience by eliminating the need to remember complex passwords. Choosing a reliable passwordless authentication solution that meets your organization's security needs is essential in ensuring maximum protection against phishing scams.

Limit user access to sensitive information through IAM

Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions can be a powerful tool to help protect against phishing attacks by limiting user access to sensitive information. By implementing IAM policies, organizations can ensure that users only have access to the data they need to perform their job functions, which minimizes the risk of unauthorized access.

Such measures add an extra layer of protection in case a phishing attack does occur. As the threat landscape evolves, implementing IAM best practices is becoming increasingly important for organizations looking to secure their digital assets against phishing scams. It is essential for organizations to stay one step ahead of cybercriminals in this battle, and IAM is an excellent way to do so.

Conduct periodic phishing attack tests

Regular phishing attack testing is an essential part of protecting your organization from phishing scams. You can train employees to recognize and report suspicious emails by conducting periodic tests, improving your overall security posture. These tests also provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of your current security measures and processes. In addition, email filters and multi-factor authentication can add an extra layer of protection against phishing attacks. However, it's important to remember that no security measure is foolproof, so having a response plan in place in case of a successful phishing attack is crucial. This includes reporting the incident and taking immediate action to secure sensitive information. By regularly testing for vulnerabilities and having a response plan in place, you can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to a phishing scam.

Phishing FAQ

Phishing is a type of cyber attack where the attacker tries to trick the victim into giving away sensitive information, such as login credentials, personal information, or financial details. These attacks are typically carried out through email, text messages, or social engineering tactics.

To prevent falling victim to phishing scams, it's important to stay vigilant and educate employees on how to recognize and avoid them. This can include things like being cautious when clicking links or downloading attachments in emails from unknown senders, verifying the authenticity of messages from trusted sources, and reporting any suspicious activity immediately.

A phishing attack is a type of cyberattack where the attacker poses as a trustworthy entity in an attempt to obtain sensitive information. These attacks usually come in the form of emails or social media messages and often aim to trick the recipient into clicking on a malicious link or providing personal information.

To identify a phishing attack, look for suspicious senders, urgent language, and requests for personal information. It's important to be cautious when receiving any unsolicited messages and never provide personal information unless you are certain of the legitimacy of the request.

Signs of phishing include urgent language in emails, such as "act now" or "urgent action required," and email addresses that may look similar to legitimate companies but have small differences. Phishing attempts may also ask for personal information or login credentials.

Poor grammar and spelling errors are also common signs of a phishing attempt. If you suspect an email is a phishing attempt, do not click on any links or provide any personal information. Instead, report it to the appropriate authorities and delete the email immediately.

Phishing targets anyone, but it's common for individuals and organizations with valuable information to be the main target. Phishers may try to gain access to sensitive data by targeting employees of a company or organization. Phishing attacks can also target individuals through emails, social media messages, or phone calls.

To protect yourself from these scams, it's important to stay vigilant and educate yourself on how to recognize and prevent phishing attempts.

Clicking on a phishing email link or attachment can lead to malware installation on your computer, compromising sensitive information like login credentials or financial details. Cybercriminals can use this information for identity theft or financial fraud. It is crucial to be cautious and verify the source of any emails before clicking on links or downloading attachments to avoid any potential harm to your personal and financial security.

The term "phishing" is a play on the word "fishing," as scammers use fraudulent emails or websites to lure victims into giving away sensitive information. Phishing attacks often use social engineering tactics, such as posing as a trusted entity or creating a sense of urgency, to trick victims into revealing their personal or financial information.

The goal of these attacks is to steal sensitive information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, and bank account details. As with fishing, the attackers cast a wide net in the hopes of catching unsuspecting victims.

Start with forwarding suspicious emails to your organization's IT department. If the phishing attempt claims to be from a specific company or website, it's also a good idea to notify them so they can take appropriate action to protect their customers. Reporting phishing attempts helps protect yourself and others from falling victim to scams and identity theft.

In case you're curious, feel free to contact us - zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

How to Choose an MFA Solution for NIS2 Compliance: A Complete Guide 

As cyber threats grow more sophisticated and critical infrastructure expands, the NIS2 Directive makes it clear that cybersecurity must be a top priority. At the core of a strong security strategy is Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), a reliable shield for sensitive systems and data. By insisting on more than just a password to confirm user identities, MFA helps prevent unwanted access - whether it’s a phishing attempt, stolen credentials, or insider misusing privileges.

In this guide, we’ll cover: 

What is MFA?

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is an additional layer of security that verifies that a user is who they say they are. It requires users to verify their identity using multiple factors, more precisely – at least two authentication factors. The authentication process can be completed through a combination of: 

This ensures that even if one factor is compromised, there are still other layers of security in place to protect the user's account.  

How to start? 

The process of choosing the right MFA solution can be overwhelming. Many providers make similar-sounding claims about their products, even though their offerings often vary greatly. Some combine MFA with unrelated features in bundled packages that fail to prioritize security, leaving organizations with incomplete solutions that still expose them to risks. 

Start your NIS2
compliance journey now

A prerequisite for understanding the criteria necessary for selecting an effective MFA solution is conducting a thorough risk analysis. Start by identifying the areas where your organization is most vulnerable to security risks. Understanding these exposure points will help you evaluate how an MFA solution can effectively mitigate those threats and strengthen your overall security.  

In this guide, we’ll explore key criteria to help you evaluate multi-factor authentication solutions. 

Key criteria for MFA solution

Security Impact 

When selecting a multi-factor authentication (MFA) solution from a security perspective, it’s essential to prioritize robustness and flexibility.  

Start by choosing an MFA solution whose methods go beyond simple SMS codes, as these can be vulnerable to interception and phishing attacks. Opt for solutions that support modern, secure authentication protocols such as FIDO2, which uses public-key cryptography for a more secure login process.  

Additionally, look for adaptive authentication features that evaluate risk factors like device type, location, and behavior patterns, adjusting security requirements based on the context of each login attempt.  

Ensure that the MFA solution offers support for biometrics, hardware tokens, or mobile push notifications, as these methods provide higher levels of security compared to traditional password-based systems.  

Finally, check if the solution can integrate with your existing security infrastructure, such as identity providers or Single Sign-On (SSO) systems, to ensure a seamless yet secure user experience across your organization.  

Investing in a highly secure MFA solution is an essential step in safeguarding sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access to your systems. 

Ease of Use and Adoption 

An MFA solution is only effective if all users—employees, contractors, and partners—can adopt it with ease and are willing and able to use it consistently. Recognizing who needs to authenticate and their specific work environments is critical to creating a seamless experience.  

For instance, contractors or partners may require temporary access with minimal setup, while full-time employees may need a solution optimized for daily use. Additionally, the way people work—remotely, on-site, or in a hybrid model—must inform the MFA design. Remote workers benefit from options like mobile push notifications or biometric authentication, while on-site staff working in highly secure air-gapped organizations rely on hardware tokens.  

By offering a flexible range of authentication methods that align with diverse user needs and environments, businesses can drive higher adoption rates and ensure secure, uninterrupted workflows. A frictionless user experience not only improves compliance but also minimizes disruptions to productivity, making MFA a seamless part of daily workflows. 

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Integrations and Scalability  

Modern organizations operate in increasingly complex IT environments, blending legacy systems, cloud platforms, and hybrid architectures. For an MFA solution to succeed, seamless integration with this ecosystem is critical. Whether it's connecting to identity providers like Active Directory, supporting single sign-on (SSO) protocols, or integrating with widely used applications such as Microsoft 365, Salesforce, or Cisco VPNs, an MFA solution must align with the technologies a business depends on. 

Scalability is also essential to ensure the solution evolves alongside your organization. This includes accommodating new users, applications, and systems as your business grows, as well as supporting diverse user roles - employees, contractors, and external partners - each of whom may require distinct authentication policies. Scalability also means adapting to evolving security challenges, such as enabling FIDO2-based passwordless authentication or biometric solutions as these technologies mature and gain adoption. 

Another important consideration is future-proofing your security investments by choosing an MFA provider committed to continuous updates, innovation, and compliance with emerging standards. By selecting an MFA solution designed to integrate seamlessly and scale efficiently, organizations can maintain a robust security posture while meeting operational and business demands without frequent reconfigurations or costly upgrades. 

Conclusion

Choosing the right MFA solution for NIS2 compliance is essential for securing critical infrastructure. Look for a solution that offers strong authentication methods (e.g., biometrics or passwordless authentication), seamless integration with existing systems, and robust audit capabilities to meet NIS2 standards. It should be scalable to adapt to your organization's growth and secure enough to protect sensitive data.  

ASEE solutions cover not only multi-factor authentication (MFA) but also access management, risk assessment, protection of software supply chains, and the use of cryptography. Contact us today to find the right solution for your organization. 

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Securing Android Apps from Remote Access Attacks: The Role of RASP SDK in Android Security

Android, with its rich app ecosystem, is particularly vulnerable to these types of attacks. For developers and security experts, understanding these risks and implementing effective defenses is essential.

This article will focus on the tactics cybercriminals use to compromise Android devices and explore how Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) SDK can help app developers protect their applications and users from remote access threats.

What Makes Android Particularly Vulnerable to Remote Access Attacks?

The flexibility of Android’s open-source operating system, while a key strength, also provides opportunities for exploitation. The Android environment allows for extensive customization, third-party app installations, and permission requests, which attackers often exploit. Additionally, the variety of Android devices and OS versions creates a fragmented ecosystem, making it difficult to enforce uniform security standards across the platform.

Remote access attacks on Android often exploit this flexibility through tactics like:

How RASP SDK Helps Protect Android Apps from Remote Access Threats

Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) SDK is a powerful tool that offers app developers real-time security by monitoring and responding to threats as they occur. While traditional app security methods focus on detecting malware after installation, RASP SDK focuses on detecting suspicious activities while the app is running, making it an ideal solution for protecting Android applications from remote access attacks. Here’s how RASP SDK addresses Android-specific security challenges:

1. Screen Overlay Detection

Screen overlay attacks are particularly common on Android, as malicious apps can use this feature to create deceptive interfaces over legitimate apps. RASP SDK includes screen overlay detection, which can alert the app in case of an overlay attempt. Our advice is to integrate this functionality across all screens within the app to ensure comprehensive protection against phishing overlays and permission hijacking attempts.

2. Accessibility Permission Monitoring

Many Android-based remote access attacks exploit the accessibility permissions granted to malicious apps. Accessibility services help users with disabilities but can be misused by attackers to gain elevated control over the device. RASP SDK monitors accessibility permissions in real-time, detecting suspicious attempts by malware to access app data, especially in sensitive applications like banking or healthcare. This detection is particularly effective in stopping RATs and overlay attacks from accessing confidential data.

3. Screen Recording Detection (Android 14+)

With Android 14+, RASP SDK can detect screen recording attempts, preventing attackers from capturing real-time app interactions. This feature is essential for high-security apps, as it stops attackers from observing sensitive information such as user credentials, personal messages, or financial data.

4. In-App Security Notifications

In addition to its detection capabilities, RASP SDK allows developers to program in-app responses or notifications in case of suspicious app behavior. For example, if a screen overlay or accessibility service access is identified, the app can display a warning to the user or terminate the session to protect sensitive data. These alerts provide an added layer of protection, especially for apps that handle confidential information.

Enhancing Android App Security: Best Practices Beyond RASP SDK

While RASP SDK provides robust protection, it’s most effective when combined with other security best practices tailored to Android environments:

  1. Implement Strict Permission Controls: Limit app permissions to only those necessary for functionality, and encourage users to be cautious about granting permissions to other apps.
  2. Code Obfuscation: Minimize the risk of reverse engineering with code obfuscation, making it harder for attackers to study the app’s structure and inject malicious code.
  3. Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security assessments to identify vulnerabilities that attackers might exploit.
  4. Frequent Updates and Patches: Release timely updates to patch security vulnerabilities and remain compatible with Android security advancements, especially with new releases like Android 14.
  5. User Education: Educate users about security best practices, such as avoiding app downloads from unofficial sources, being cautious with permissions, and regularly checking for unusual app activity.

Limitations of RASP SDK in Android Remote Access Protection

While RASP SDK offers critical security for Android applications, it has some limitations developers should be aware of:

For a holistic security approach, developers should consider integrating RASP SDK with other tools, such as Mobile Threat Defense (MTD) solutions and behavioral monitoring systems.

Wrap up

Android’s open-source design and extensive app ecosystem make it a prime target for remote access attacks. With the right security measures, however, developers can protect their apps and users from these sophisticated threats. RASP SDK’s real-time monitoring, screen overlay detection, accessibility permission checks, and screen recording detection (from Android 14+) offer essential layers of defense against remote access attacks.

Developers building high-security applications—particularly in sectors like finance, healthcare, and enterprise—should consider implementing RASP SDK to provide users with the protection they need. With comprehensive security practices and proactive threat detection, Android developers can create trusted, resilient applications that stand up to the ever-evolving tactics of cybercriminals.

Download App Protector SDK

App Protector SDK is a mobile security component built into the application's code enabling runtime protection as well as a variety of mobile application hardening techniques, including jailbreak detection.

Try App Protector Free

To find out more about our App Protector solution, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Mobile App Penetration Testing: Key Components For Your Pentest Strategy

By employing advanced security mechanisms such as anti-tampering, RASP (Runtime Application Self-Protection), integrity checking and more, you can drastically reduce vulnerabilities and create an app that resists various forms of attack.

Here’s a breakdown of the most effective security solutions to ensure you pass your mobile app penetration testing stress-free.

1. Anti-Tampering, Anti-Debugging, and Anti-Reverse Engineering Mechanisms

One of the primary focuses of any penetration test is to discover vulnerabilities that could allow attackers to tamper with or reverse-engineer your app. Anti-tampering mechanisms protect your app from unauthorized modifications, such as patching the binary or altering system-level files. When attackers attempt to modify an app’s code, anti-tampering measures can detect these efforts and block the application from functioning.

Adding anti-debugging tools prevents attackers from using debuggers to analyze how your app works, stopping them from uncovering vulnerabilities or bypassing certain security measures. Anti-reversing mechanisms make it more difficult for attackers to decompile or disassemble the application, especially when coupled with code obfuscation.

These measures are crucial for stopping an attacker before they even gain an understanding of how your app functions. Many successful hacks rely on the attacker’s ability to reverse-engineer code and modify it. Anti-tampering and anti-debugging mechanisms thwart this, allowing you to pass mobile app pen testing by demonstrating robust defenses against these common attack vectors.

2. Preventing Binary Patching and Unauthorized System-Level Changes

Pen testers often try to manipulate the core binaries or system-level files of an application to exploit weaknesses. Without protection, your app’s binaries can be patched, allowing attackers to alter the app’s behavior or bypass security features. This is where binary integrity checking becomes invaluable. Integrity checking continuously monitors the app’s code, ensuring that the binaries remain unaltered during runtime.

RASP (Runtime Application Self-Protection) is a highly effective solution in this context as well. RASP actively monitors an app’s execution and detects suspicious changes in real-time, such as unauthorized attempts to patch binaries or modify system files. By incorporating RASP, you add an active, self-defending layer that prevents these kinds of attacks from succeeding. This proactive approach strengthens your app’s defenses during a pen test and ensures that unauthorized changes are detected immediately.

3. Jailbreak and Root Prevention

Rooting (on Android) or jailbreaking (on iOS) removes important security restrictions, giving attackers full control over the device and the applications running on it. A successful mobile app penetration test will attempt to exploit these compromised environments to bypass security features and access sensitive data.

To pass your pentest, your app should include jailbreak/root detection and prevention mechanisms. In case a device has been compromised the mechanism either blocks the app from running or restricts functionality. This ensures that attackers cannot exploit a rooted or jailbroken device to access your app’s core functions. Jailbreak and root prevention can be implemented using RASP, as it monitors device integrity and takes immediate action if a device appears compromised.

4. Data Encryption: Protecting Data at Rest

Data stored on a device, whether in the app’s sandbox, preferences, or offline storage, can be an attractive target for attackers. To pass a penetration test, it’s essential that all sensitive data is encrypted while at rest. This includes encrypting data in XML strings, resources, DEX files, and offline databases.

By using strong encryption algorithms to secure data at rest, you ensure that even if an attacker gains physical access to the device or its storage, they will not be able to read or modify sensitive information. This is a critical aspect of mobile app security. Having strong encryption mechanisms in place greatly reduces the likelihood of a breach.

5. Code Obfuscation: Protecting Native and Non-Native Code

During a pentest, attackers will often try to reverse-engineer the apps' code to understand how the app works and uncover vulnerabilities. Code obfuscation is a powerful technique that makes the code harder to read and analyze. By obfuscating both native and non-native code, libraries, and key algorithms, you make it significantly more difficult for attackers to reverse-engineer or modify your app.

Obfuscation techniques include relocating control flows, stripping debug information, and adding junk code to confuse or mislead attackers. This adds an extra layer of security during a penetration test, making it much harder for attackers to gain insight into your app’s structure and logic. When combined with anti-debugging and anti-reversing, code obfuscation becomes a vital part of your app’s overall security posture.

A Proactive Approach to Mobile App Security

Throughout this article, we’ve touched on various solutions that form the foundation of a strong mobile app security strategy. RASP is particularly effective as it provides real-time protection, detecting attacks as they happen and stopping them before they can cause damage. RASP works in tandem with integrity checking and anti-tamper detection, ensuring that your app remains protected against binary patching, debugging, and other forms of tampering.

By combining RASP with solutions like code obfuscation, data encryption, and secure communications, you create a multi-layered security approach that will help you pass your pen test painlessly. These measures make it difficult for attackers to reverse-engineer or modify your app, while also protecting sensitive data from unauthorized access.

Passing a mobile app penetration test doesn’t have to be a painful process. By integrating the above-mentioned solutions you can boost your app’s defenses. By proactively addressing potential vulnerabilities and implementing these advanced security measures, you can ensure your app passes the pen test, while also safeguarding your users and maintaining compliance with industry regulations.

App Protector by ASEE

App Protector by ASEE is a security solution prioritizing mobile app security. It seamlessly integrates with the app's runtime environment, offering early-stage intrusion detection, real-time attack prevention, and control over the app's execution. App Protector shields mobile applications from various threats, such as emulator attacks, jailbreak/root detection, debugging, screen recording, and hooking attempts.

Download App Protector SDK

App Protector SDK is a mobile security component built into the application's code enabling runtime protection as well as a variety of mobile application hardening techniques, including jailbreak detection.

Try App Protector Free

To find out more about our App Protector solution, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Enhancing 3DS User Experience: Join Our Webinar on App-to-App Redirection & Deep-Linking for Seamless Transactions

That’s why we are excited to announce a webinar where we will untangle App-to-App Redirection and Deep-Linking - two critical components designed to streamline the 3DS authentication process across mobile applications and browsers.

This is an opportunity for your teams to learn about cutting-edge authentication solutions that are transforming the in-app payment experience. As Mastercard and Visa continue to raise the bar for security and ease of use in mobile transactions, this webinar will provide key insights into how your organization can leverage these functionalities, improve user experience, and stay compliant with industry requirements.

Why Deep-Linking and App-to-App Redirection Matter

With growing demand for mobile in-app payments, Mastercard rolled out updates that focus on optimizing the 3DS user experience. This means that issuers and acquirers need to ensure that their mobile apps support deep-linking—a feature that allows automatic transitions between a merchant app and a bank’s authentication app. But deep-linking isn’t just limited to apps; mobile browsers, which are often the preferred medium for users, are also a critical piece of the puzzle.

With Mastercard’s recent mandate for issuers and acquirers to implement and test this functionality by December 31, 2024, it's essential for your business to be prepared. ASEE’s latest ACS release will enable merchant app redirection to bank authentication apps via Bridging Message Extension (BME) and deep-linking methods. To help you navigate these changes, we are hosting a free webinar where we will explain these developments in detail.

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Webinar Highlights

Our webinar will provide an in-depth look at the technology and user experience enhancements that deep-linking and app-to-app redirection bring to the table. Here’s a sneak peek at what we’ll cover:

1. App-to-App Redirection

2. How Deep-Linking Can Be Supported

We will explore the technical aspects of how deep-linking can be integrated into your authentication systems:

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3. Deep-Linking for Mobile Browser Transactions

With mobile browsers being the most frequent platform for users to make purchases, it’s critical to unify the user experience across devices. During the webinar, we’ll explain how deep-linking in mobile browsers works and how to incorporate it into your existing payment workflows. By doing so, you'll ensure that users enjoy a smooth and consistent experience, whether they are on a mobile app or browser.

Why Attend This Webinar?

This webinar provides you the tools and knowledge you need to ensure compliance with Mastercard's deep-linking requirements. By attending, you’ll:

Webinar Details:

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Don’t miss this opportunity to stay ahead of the curve and ensure your business is ready to meet industry demands. Register now and join us for this comprehensive session on App-to-App Redirection and Deep-Linking for 3DS Authentication.

We look forward to seeing you there!

3DS Access Control Server Datasheet

Secure, scalable, and designed for the future of digital payments. Let’s elevate your transaction security today.

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Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

Confirming Transactions Securely Using Token SDK – How To Tutorial for iOS

Push messages are an important part of several features in Token SDK. Those would be: 

Step 1. Enable push notifications

When using push functionality for your app the first step is asking the user for permission to receive push notifications.

public func registerForFirebaseNotifications(application: UIApplication) {

        if #available(iOS 10.0, *) {

            // For iOS 10 display notification (sent via APNS)

            UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self

            let authOptions: UNAuthorizationOptions = [.alert, .badge, .sound]

            UNUserNotificationCenter.current().requestAuthorization(

                options: authOptions,

                completionHandler: {_, _ in })

        } else {

            let settings: UIUserNotificationSettings =

                UIUserNotificationSettings(types: [.alert, .badge, .sound], categories: nil)

            application.registerUserNotificationSettings(settings)

        }

    }

Note!

If you don’t ask for permission or the user doesn’t give permission for notifications, the user will not be able to receive push notifications.

We recommend calling the permission after some kind of boarding process to show the user why the app uses push notifications.

Firebase Instance Token

The default push service deployed with SxS is Firebase. Firebase should be added as a dependency to the project. For detailed instructions, please visit official site: https://firebase.google.com/docs/ios/setup.

Register token for push

To obtain the latest Firebase token use the Messaging module from Firebase and use the received firebaseRegistrationId to register it with your ASEE token.

Messaging.messaging().token { (result, error) in

            if let error = error {

                debugPrint("Error fetching remote instance ID: \(error)")

            } else if let firebaseRegistrationId = result {

                do {

                    try assecoToken.registerTokenForPushWithId(serverInfo: serverInfo!,

                                                           registrationId: firebaseRegistrationId,

                                                           success: {

                                                              //continue

                    }, failure: { (error) in

                        debugPrint(error)

                    })

                } catch let error {

                    debugPrint(error)

                }

            }

        }

However, the firebaseRegistrationId token is refreshed from time to time. To be notified whenever the token is updated, supply a delegate conforming to the messaging delegate protocol. The following example registers the delegate and adds the proper delegate method: 

Messaging.messaging().delegate = self

…

extension AppDelegate: MessagingDelegate {

    public func messaging(_ messaging: Messaging, didReceiveRegistrationToken fcmToken: String?) {

        do {

            guard let fcmToken = fcmToken else { return }

            try TokenFacade.registerTokenForPushWithAuthenticationTag(tokenName: tokenName, registrationId: fcmToken, serverInfo: serverInfo, keychainAccessGroup: keychainAccessGroup) {

            } failure: { error in

                debugPrint(error)

            }

        } catch {

            // NO-OP

        }

    }

}

This callback is fired at each app startup and whenever a new token is generated. 

Non-loaded token

It is also possible to register a token for push using the method called registerTokenForPushWithAuthenticationTag. With this method, non-loaded tokens can be registered for push messages if registerTokenForPushWithID is called at least once.

Note!

This method is a precautionary measure in case a new fcm token arrives and the token has not yet been loaded into memory using, for example, the loadToken method.

Step 2. Consume push message content

Receiving Message

When push message is received, it must be determined what type of message is received. When confirming/rejecting transaction the message type will be TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_MAC. 

It can be found out like this: 

public func checkTransaction(userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any]) {

        let messageType = userInfo["jwtType"] as? String

        guard let payload = userInfo["jsonWebToken"] as? String else { return }

        switch messageType {

        case TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_MAC:

        case TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_RECOVERY_START:

        case TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_RECOVERY_CHALLENGE:

        case TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_MTM_CONSENT:

        case TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_LOGIN_BY_TOKEN:

        default:

            break

        }

    }

MACNotificationPayload Object Description

MACNotificationPayload is the object that contains payload data when push notification is received. Payload data consists of three important parts: 

To obtain these values, use the method processMACNotification:

let macNotificationPayload = try TokenFacade.processMACNotification(encodedPayload: encodedPayload, publicKeyModulus: pushModulusKey, publicKeyExponent: serverInfo.publicKeyExponent)

MAC values and transaction ID are used in payment confirmation. While content is not needed for payment confirmation, it is important because it gives user some info about payment. It is usually displayed at Confirm payment screen.

This is example how content should look like in json form:

{"en":[{"Payment provider":"iPay"}, {"Accounts":["AT611904300234573201","AT611904300234573201"]},

{"Permissions":["Read Balances","Read Transactions"]}, {"Calls per day":"10"},{"Valid until":"1.10.2018"}]}

Step 3. Confirm/Reject Payment

A received transaction should be handled and confirmed or rejected. Otherwise, the transaction will be available in the notification inbox until an action is taken. 

This is how the flow for confirming payment should look like:

try tokenFacade.confirmPayment(

                    serverInfo: config.serverInfo!,

                    applicationName: CharArrayExt.valueOf(string: “MAC_APP”),

                    encodedPayload: encodedPayload,

                    publicKeyModulus: pushModulusKey,

                    publicKeyExponent: config.serverInfo!.publicKeyExponent!,

                    success: {

                        …

                        }

                    },

                    failure: { error in

                        …

                                          })

System integrators are responsible for providing applicationName used for confirming payment. Default application name is MAC_APP

One important thing to do when confirming a transaction is correctly using publicKeyModulus. Most often with push notifications, you have to use pushKeyModulus. When confirming transactions with a QR code, you confirm the transaction with qrPushModulus.

System integrators are also reponseble for providing pushKeyModulus. Please check with them if you should use pushKeyModulus or publicKeyModulus for confirming payment.

Reject Payment

After push is received and parsed the payload, transactionId should be passed to TokenFacade.rejectPayment(transactionId) method. 

try tokenFacade.rejectPayment(serverInfo: config.serverInfo!,

                                          transactionId: transactionId,

                                          success: {

                                                                                                  …

            }, failure: { (_) in

                …

            })

Confirm/reject consent

In essence, consent push messages are processed in the same way as transaction notifications are. The only difference between payment and consent push messages is jwtType, which is TokenNotificationType.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_CONSENT for consent ones. Payload is processed the same way, by invoking: TokenFacade.processMACNotification() method. 

The only difference is that consents are confirmed or rejected via the following methods:

Karolina Škunca

Karolina is an iOS Software Developer. She works on preventing security attacks on iOS phones and frequently tests ASEE’s applications. Her greatest passions are designing and developing new applications.

Secure Authentication with ASEE Token Library – How To Tutorial for iOS

This tutorial will guide you how to import ASEE Token Library and properly activate and load token instance.

Requirements

TokenSDK has following requirements for development:

PlatformsPrerequisites
iOSmToken SDK – v10.0+
AndroidmToken SDK – v5.0+ (Lollipop, API 21)

Importing the SDK

SDK is delivered in a .zip format. After unzipping the delivered file you will be faced with two separate folders. One folder named SWIFT and the other one named ObjectiveC.

Both folders inside of them have folder SDK in which you can find XCFrameworks. To import the said framework:

  1. Go to File – > Add Files to “YourProjectName”
    1.1. Choose the appropriate .xcframework for your target depending on the language
    1. Copy items if needed

2. Make sure to Embed & Sign your frameworks

3. Disable bitcode in build settings:

4. It is also needed to enable Always Embed Swift Standard Libraries

After importing the SDK we can move onto implementation.

Step 1. Activating token

On the first app instance, we should require the user to activate the token. This is done using the activateAndLoad method which is used to actiavte token on the device and immidielty loads it.

public class func activateAndLoad(

tokenName: String,

keychainAccessGroup: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

userID: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

clientID: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

activationCode: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

licenceKey: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

pin: ASEETokenLib.CharArrayExt,

serverInfo: ASEETokenLib.ServerInfo,

slotsToUnlock: [CharArrayExt],

success: @escaping(_ returnValue: TokenFacade?) -> Void,

failure: @escaping(_ err: Error) -> Void

) throws

Let’s further explain the parameters required for this method.

Token Name

tokenName is a constant name for your token and you will use it every time you want to get its instance with methods such as loadToken, getToken, etc., or to check if the token is secured with biometrics.

Keychain Access Group

Keychain Access Group is used to enable Keychain sharing to take advantage of the highest possible security for storing token data.

Please note that multiple keychain groups are not allowed in TokenSDK!

User ID

Activating the token with User ID is an additional security measure and it should be configured on SxS. If its not configured, the effect will be the same as if a regular method is used which does not send userId.

Activation Code and Client ID

Activation Code and Client ID form a 16-digit code that is used for activation. Usually, they are sent through different mediums, for example, 8 numbers of activation code are given on paper and the other 8 numbers are sent via SMS.

License Key

A license key is provided by ASEE to allow using this SDK.

PIN

Usually, the PIN is a 4 or 6-digit number that is later used for loading tokens and verifying transactions.

The SDK provides method isPINStrong which helps you determine if the entered pin satisfies certain constraints such as if the pin should not be ascending (1234).

We also recommend creating a custom keyboard for entering PIN. If a stock OS keyboard is used for data input, the user can be exposed to keylogger attacks.

Server Info

ServerInfo object contains data for connecting to the SxS server to enable token activation.

There are three exposed functions with different certificate pinning.

public static func create(dskppProxyURL: CharArrayExt, mtmProxyURL: CharArrayExt, niProxyURL: CharArrayExt? = nil, organizationID: Int, serviceID: Int, publicKeyModulus: CharArrayExt? = nil, publicKeyExponent: CharArrayExt? = nil, sxsVersion: SxSVersion) -> ServerInfo

public static func createWithPublicKeyPinning(dskppProxyURL: CharArrayExt, mtmProxyURL: CharArrayExt, niProxyURL: CharArrayExt? = nil, organizationID: Int, serviceID: Int, publicKeyModulus: CharArrayExt? = nil, publicKeyExponent: CharArrayExt? = nil, trustedCertificates: [CharArrayExt], sxsVersion: SxSVersion) throws -> ServerInfo 

public static func createWithCertificatePinning(dskppProxyURL: CharArrayExt, mtmProxyURL: CharArrayExt, niProxyURL: CharArrayExt? = nil, organizationID: Int, serviceID: Int, publicKeyModulus: CharArrayExt? = nil, publicKeyExponent: CharArrayExt? = nil, trustedCertificates: [CharArrayExt], sxsVersion: SxSVersion) throws -> ServerInfo 

In case of failure, error code is returend with which you can look up the ASEE Documentation to see what failed.

try TokenFacade.activateAndLoad(tokenName: tokenName, keychainAccessGroup: keychainAccessGroup, userID: userID, clientID: clientID, activationCode: activationCode, licenceKey: licenceKey, pin: pin, serverInfo: serverInfo, success: { (tokenInstance) in

                DispatchQueue.main.async {
            //present new screen
                        }


            }) { (error) in
                ASEEErrorHelper.checkError(from: self, error: error)

Activating Token

After adding all the necessary parameters and if the communication with SxS was successful, success completion handler will be called and our token will be activated and loaded into memory.

In case of failure, error code is returend with which you can look up the ASEE Documentation to see what failed.

try TokenFacade.activateAndLoad(tokenName: tokenName, keychainAccessGroup: keychainAccessGroup, userID: userID, clientID: clientID, activationCode: activationCode, licenceKey: licenceKey, pin: pin, serverInfo: serverInfo, success: { (tokenInstance) in

                DispatchQueue.main.async {
            //present new screen
                        }


            }) { (error) in
                ASEEErrorHelper.checkError(from: self, error: error)

Conclusion

If the activation is successful, a token instance will be returned and further token manipulation can be done such as changing the pin, securing the token with biometrics or approving transactions or calculations such as OTP, Challenge/Response.

Karolina Škunca

Karolina is an iOS Software Developer. She works on preventing security attacks on iOS phones and frequently tests ASEE’s applications. Her greatest passions are designing and developing new applications.

Strengthening iOS App Security: How To Tutorial For ASEE’s Obfuscation Solution

The solution uses the Low-Level Obfuscator app which provides:

By incorporating these features, the Low-Level Obfuscator fortifies your app, making it significantly harder for attackers to exploit. In the following sections, we'll explore how these functionalities work together to protect your iOS applications.

Requirements

PlatformsPrerequisites
iOSmacOS– v11.0+ (Big Sur or higher)
Integrity SDK – v12.0+

Getting started

The best way to start is to set up the LowLevelObfuscator app and the Deobfuscator SDK before moving onto obfuscating.

Setup Licensing

To use the Deobfuscator SDK and the MacOS application a valid license must be provided.

The licenses are issued per iOS app and are tied to the bundle identifier. Each license should be entered in the MacOS app’s licensing menu and in the initialization function provided by the SDK.

Step 1. Set up LowLevelObfuscator app

Licencing

To be able to run the app, and later the SDK, a valid licence should be provided.

The licensing menu can be accessed by choosing the Licensing option from the menu bar in the upper left corner of the screen. To insert a new license a plus button should be clicked. Once a valid license is inserted a bundle identifier will be listed in the menu and marked as valid.

Tip

If you can’t open the program because integrity can’t be verified, go to System Settings -> Privacy & Security -> Open Anyway to verify and open the program.

Define Code signing settings for bundle IDs

Code signing settings can be accessed by clicking the list icon that will appear when a provisioning profile has been dragged and dropped to the user interface.

Code signing can be a complex process, often involving multiple parameters and configurations.

This feature offers users a clear overview of code signing information, enabling them to verify the correctness of their parameters.

Step 2. Setup Deobfuscator SDK in your Xcode project

The Deobfuscator SDK should be imported into the iOS applications by the developer as follows:

  1. Copy the DeobfuscatorSDK.xcframework file from the release package to the iOS Xcode project,
  2. Set the Embed parameter of the added .xcframework to Embed & Sign value.

c. For an application to run successfully, it is necessary to set the Enable Bitcode option in the Build Settings to the value "No".

d. The license key required for initializing the Deobfuscator SDK can be generated by selecting the licensed bundle ID from the provided list and clicking the "Generate SDK License" button.

e. Import the SDK in your application and initiate the SDK using the generated licence.

How to use String obfuscation

This functionality aims to enhance the security of sensitive string constants that can often be found in plain text format within the mobile app executable file. Some examples of such constants are:

The security enhancement is provided in the form of white-box AES encryption performed

during the development process of the iOS mobile application.

Step 1. Add Path to Xcode project

Step 2. Select budle identifier

Select the appropriate bundle ID from the identifiers drop down menu so that the obfuscation would work properly.

If you do not see your bundle ID it means that the licensing process was not successful!

Tip

To have better control over what is obfuscated it is suggested to extract strings that will be obfuscated in a separate class.

Step 3. Click Continue

After this process finishes, all string literals that were found in the selected files will be obfuscated.

How to obfuscate code

The second functionality provided by the Low-Level Obfuscator is the Code Obfuscation. The purpose of this functionality is to prevent the attacker from understanding the internal programming logic of the mobile application. This is done by preforming the low-level modification of the executable files in the Mach-O format.

The symbols containing internal names (e.g., class names, function names, variable names, etc.) defined by the developer are extracted from the sections of the Mach-O file and replaced with the randomly generated strings.

 In this way the symbols that can be extracted from the final app package during the process of reverse engineering have no descriptive value that can help the attacker to understand the internal programming logic of the mobile application.

Step 1. Add .ipa file you want to obfuscate and corresponding .mobileprovision

Step 2. Select Code Signing Certificate

Select code signing certificate from the drop-down menu.

Step 3. Click “Obfuscate” button

Once the obfuscate button is clicked the obfuscation of all the Mach-O files within the application archive will be performed. After the obfuscation process finishes the modified .ipa file will be resigned using the attached provisioning profile and the chosen signing certificate.

Step 4. Test created .ipa file

The resulting .ipa file will be ready to install on the mobile devices or upload to the App Store.

The Low-Level Obfuscator is still in the early development stage; hence the current version does not provide obfuscation support for .nib or storyboard files.

It is possible that a new application will crash on start. Following section will in detail explain how to recover from this error.

Code  Obfuscation Error Recovery

When performing code obfuscation for the first time on a new application it is highly possible that some of the following errors will occur:

This section will provide guidance on how to effectively recover from the errors listed above.

Missing Symbol Errors

The symbols are identifiers for various elements within the code, such as framework, class, variable or function names. Since code obfuscation is based on symbol concealment, errors can occur when certain symbols are obfuscated inappropriately or not handled correctly. These errors can result in application crashes or inconsistent behaviour because the application cannot find the symbol it needs to execute a particular operation. Inappropriate symbol handing can occur for various reasons, and it may vary from one application to another. In such cases, the best practice is to exclude the problematic symbol from obfuscation by using the whitelist. The usage of whitelist is described in more detail in the Whitelisting section of this document.

To determine which symbols should be whitelisted the following options can be used:

  1. Device Console
  2. Symbol Halving

 

Step 1. Open Console log

The device console can be accessed from Xcode’s toolbar as follows:

Window -> Devices and Simulators -> Open Console.

Once the console is open and the test device is selected the message stream can be started. If a missing symbol is causing an app to crash, the crash log can be found by searching the key word “Crash” or “Symbol not found”.  An example is shown in Figure 20.

Crash log shown in Device Console containing obfuscated symbol

Step 2. Find missing symbol in Obfuscation Logs

            The symbols found in console logs will be obfuscated so the original symbol name must be found for a symbol to be correctly whitelisted.

The original name can be found by checking the log file generated in the Logs folder next to the processed .ipa file.

Content of Log folder

The log file contains the map of original symbol names and the obfuscated names.

Finding missing symbol in the log file

If you can’t immediately find the value, try erasing letters at the beginning/end of the string.

Step 3. Add to whitelist

Once the original symbol name has been found it should be added to the whitelist and the obfuscation process should be repeated using the original, not obfuscated .ipa file.

Adding missing symbol to the whitelist

Symbol added to the whitelist

After adding a new item to the whitelist, re-obfuscate the .ipa file using “Obfuscate” button. Make sure you are using the original .ipa file!

Conclusion

The results of the obfuscation process can be verified using MachOView, Hex Fiend, IDA Pro or similar third-party software. Your app has now been additionally hardened against malicious attacksReverse engineering poses a significant threat to mobile app security, allowing attackers to extract and exploit sensitive data from app executables. To address this risk, ASEE provides a solution for obfuscating your application.

The solution uses the Low-Level Obfuscator app which provides:

By incorporating these features, the Low-Level Obfuscator fortifies your app, making it significantly harder for attackers to exploit. In the following sections, we'll explore how these functionalities work together to protect your iOS applications.

Karolina Škunca

Karolina is an iOS Software Developer. She works on preventing security attacks on iOS phones and frequently tests ASEE’s applications. Her greatest passions are designing and developing new applications.

How to Integrate ASEE’s Integrity Check Solution into your iOS app   

Requirements

PlatformsPrerequisites
iOSmacOS– v11.0+ (Big Sur or higher)
Integrity SDK – v12.0+

Step 1: Set Up in Xode

Copy ASEEIntegritySDK.framework

First step is to copy the provided ASEEIntegritySDK.framework file from the release package to the iOS Xcode project

Embed and Sign framework

Then set the embed parameter to Embed & Sign

Disable Bitcode

After that, in Build Settings, set Enable Bitcode option to NO

Step 2: Integrate the SDK into your app

Next we move onto integrating the sdk by adding the import statement into our code where we wish to check for integrity of our app.

Add “import ASEEIntegritySDK”

This can be done on app start in App Delegate or through out the app where possible sensitive information might be processed.

Next up intilize the SDK by providing a valid licence.

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
        // Override point for customization after application launch.
        do {
            try IntegrityValidator.initialize(licenceKey: "xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx")
        }catch {
            print("Failed to initialize with error: \(error)")
        }
        return true

To validate the integrity of the app, call the function validateIntegrity. In this section, you can define what action the app should take in case of invalid integrity. For example, you can terminate the app or, to provide a better user experience, display a dialog that explains why the app can’t proceed.

    private func checkIntegrity() {    
        IntegrityValidator.validateIntegrity {
            self.setIntegrityOkImage()
        } failure: { error in
            self.setIntegrityCompromisedImage()
            print("Integrity check failed with error: \(error)")
        }

Step 3. Build and publish your app

The next part is validating your app with the Mac OS app provided in the bundle.

Step 1. Build .ipa file

Step 3. Use ASEEIntegrityCheck Mac App

Open the provided app and enter a valid license.

Drag and drop the .ipa file and the corresponding .mobileprovision file in the designated areas of the MacOS application

Once the main app signature value is successfully calculated the .ipa file generated by the ASEE Integrity check tool can be run on an iOS device or uploaded to the App Store

Tip

If your MacOS application can’t open, go to System Preferences -> Security and Privacy -> General and select Open Anyway button for ASEEIntegrityCheck application.

Conclusion

Securing our app's integrity is one of the key measures for fighting against app attacks and malicious exploitations. By adding integrity checks in our app, we are adding additional security checks before accessing sensitive information and providing our customers best and safest experience.

Karolina Škunca

Karolina is an iOS Software Developer. She works on preventing security attacks on iOS phones and frequently tests ASEE’s applications. Her greatest passions are designing and developing new applications.

FIDO2 Authentication within Online Payments: An Overview

This is where FIDO2 authentication steps in, offering a robust solution to enhance online payment security. This blog post provides an overview of FIDO2 authentication, its components, and its role in secure payment confirmation (SPC).

What is FIDO2 Authentication?

FIDO2 is a set of standards developed by the FIDO (Fast Identity Online) Alliance to enable strong authentication. It aims to reduce the reliance on passwords, which are often weak and vulnerable to attacks. FIDO2 consists of two primary components: WebAuthn (Web Authentication) and CTAP (Client to Authenticator Protocol). Together, these components provide a secure, user-friendly way to authenticate online transactions.

The Components of FIDO2

WebAuthn (Web Authentication)

WebAuthn is a web standard published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). It defines a standard web API that allows web applications to use public-key cryptography for user authentication. WebAuthn enhances security by enabling biometric authentication (like fingerprint or facial recognition) and hardware tokens, eliminating the need for passwords.

WebAuthn is integrated into major web browsers and platforms, making it widely accessible. It works by generating a unique public-private key pair for each web service. The private key is stored securely on the user's device, while the public key is stored on the server. When a user tries to authenticate, the server sends a challenge that the user's device signs with the private key, verifying the user's identity without exposing the private key.

CTAP (Client to Authenticator Protocol)

CTAP complements WebAuthn by defining protocols for communication between authenticators (such as security keys or biometric devices) and clients (like browsers or operating systems). It ensures that the authenticator can securely interact with the client to perform authentication tasks. This interaction is crucial for enabling multi-factor authentication (MFA) and ensuring a seamless user experience.

Secure Payment Confirmation (SPC)

Secure Payment Confirmation (SPC) is a new web standard that builds on the FIDO2 framework to provide an additional layer of security for online payments. SPC leverages the existing infrastructure of WebAuthn and CTAP to authenticate payment transactions securely. It is designed to streamline the payment process while ensuring robust security.

Benefits of SPC in Online Payments

SPC offers several benefits that make it an attractive solution for online payment authentication:

Enhanced User Experience: SPC simplifies the payment process by allowing users to authenticate transactions using biometrics or security keys. This reduces the friction associated with traditional password-based authentication.

Increased Transaction Security: By using strong cryptographic methods, SPC ensures that payment transactions are secure and cannot be tampered with.

Reduced Fraud Risk: The use of biometric data and hardware tokens makes it difficult for attackers to impersonate users, significantly reducing the risk of fraud.

How FIDO2 Improves Online Payment Security

Strong Authentication Factors

FIDO2 employs multi-factor authentication (MFA), which combines something the user knows (like a PIN) with something the user has (like a security key) or something the user is (like a fingerprint). This combination makes it much harder for attackers to gain unauthorized access.

Elimination of Passwords

Traditional passwords are prone to various attacks, such as phishing, brute force, and credential stuffing. FIDO2 eliminates the need for passwords by using cryptographic methods that are resistant to these attacks. Passwordless authentication not only improves security but also enhances the user experience by removing the hassle of remembering and managing passwords.

Implementing FIDO2

Technical steps

Adopting FIDO2 authentication requires a few technical steps:

Technical Requirements and Setup

Ensure that your payment systems support FIDO2 standards. This may involve updating your servers to handle WebAuthn requests and integrating CTAP-compatible authenticators.

Integration with Existing Payment Systems

Modify your payment processing workflows to incorporate FIDO2 authentication. This might involve working with your payment gateway providers to ensure seamless integration.

User Onboarding and Education

For a successful transition to FIDO2, businesses must educate their users about the new authentication method:

Strategies to Introduce FIDO2 to Users: Use clear and simple communication to explain the benefits of FIDO2 authentication. Provide tutorials and support to help users set up their authenticators.

Ensuring a Smooth Transition from Traditional Methods: Offer a grace period during which users can switch between traditional and FIDO2 methods. Provide robust customer support to address any issues that arise during the transition.

FIDO2 and Regulatory Compliance

FIDO2 meets several regulatory standards for payment security, such as the Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2) in Europe. As regulations evolve, FIDO2 is likely to remain compliant, providing a future-proof solution for online payment authentication.

Wrap Up

FIDO2 authentication represents a significant advancement in online payment security. By leveraging strong authentication factors, eliminating passwords, and integrating Secure Payment Confirmation (SPC), FIDO2 provides a robust and user-friendly solution for securing online transactions. Businesses that adopt FIDO2 can enhance their security posture, reduce fraud, and improve the overall user experience. As the digital landscape continues to evolve, FIDO2 will play a crucial role in shaping the future of online payment security.

Additional resources

https://fidoalliance.org

https://webauthn.guide

https://www.w3.org/TR/secure-payment-confirmation

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

ASEE Product Updates: Q2 2024 Highlights

New In: Authentication

SxS Now Supports OPEN JDK 8

OpenJDK 8 is widely recognized for its compatibility across various platforms and environments. This new support for OpenJDK 8 means our solutions can run more efficiently and securely across different systems. In addition to this update, we've addressed all critical and high vulnerabilities in the libraries we use by upgrading, removing, or mitigating affected libraries. This update underscores our commitment to delivering cutting-edge technology and superior performance, ensuring that your systems remain robust and secure.

New In: Trides

Enhancing 3DS User Experience: MasterCard's Deep-Linking Mandate

MasterCard has introduced updates to enhance the 3DS user experience during mobile in-app purchases, which require issuers and acquirers to support deep-linking. This feature allows an automatic switch from the merchant app to the issuer authentication mobile application, streamlining the authentication process.

In response, ASEE is preparing ACS release v2.11.1, set for mid-October 2024. This update will facilitate merchant app redirection to the bank authentication app via Bridging Message Extension and deep-linking authentication in mobile browsers. To ensure smooth implementation and testing, ASEE will hold a client workshop in September and offer CIS testing professional services. This proactive approach will help our clients meet the December 31, 2024, compliance deadline set by MasterCard.

New In: Mobile Security

App Protector Portal – Improved Audit Log Feature

We've enhanced the audit log section on the App Protector portal. Now, all users and roles registered on the portal can access detailed statistics about activities performed. The new audit log features will show what has been added, changed, or deleted, along with a detailed description, time of change, and the user responsible. This enhancement improves transparency and accountability, making it easier to track and manage changes within the system.

RASP SDK – Enhanced Detection Capabilities

Our SDK now detects the latest versions of Magisk and Frida tools. Magisk can bypass root detection mechanisms and inject malicious code into mobile apps, while Frida allows attackers to intercept and modify specific functions within an application. By enhancing the detection capabilities of our App Protector RASP SDK, we ensure that no bypass is made by hackers, keeping your apps secure from these advanced threats.

Events

Frauds that cost billions: ASEE presented digital innovations in the protection of users and companies

In our first ASEE CyberSafe Showcase, we focused on the risks and importance of social engineering fraud prevention. Social engineering, in the context of IT security, refers to psychological manipulation aimed at revealing confidential information. With around 98% of cyber attacks relying on this technique, it's critical to stay informed and prepared. Our showcase highlighted innovative solutions and strategies to protect users and companies from such fraud.

Find out more

Industry Trends and Insights

Staying updated with industry trends is crucial for maintaining a strong security posture. Here are some key insights:

These insights provide valuable knowledge to help you navigate the evolving landscape of cybersecurity regulations and threats.

Wrap Up

The second quarter of 2024 has been productive for ASEE, with several key updates aimed at enhancing security measures and operational efficiency. These updates not only help organizations improve their security posture but also simplify operations by introducing more efficient and user-friendly features. As ASEE continues to innovate in the field of cybersecurity, businesses can expect more improvements that will help them protect their digital assets and enhance user experiences.

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

Download ebook

We look forward to your feedback and are happy to answer any questions regarding these updates and enhancements. Feel free to contact us.

Securing the Software Supply Chain: PdM's Perspective

This insight comes from a study by the Croatian Chamber of Economy conducted on more than 200 companies, presented at the first strategic workshop of the Cybersecurity Academy. As seen in Lider, Maja Šporčić shares her view on the current state of software supply chain attacks and discusses how these attacks are carried out.

Third-party Software Compromise

Attacks on software supply chains have surged by 742 percent between 2021 and 2023. Gartner predicts that by 2025, 45 percent of companies globally will experience such attacks. Instead of directly targeting the main company, attackers often compromise a third-party software product used by the company. This means targeting software manufacturers and suppliers, infiltrating malicious code or security weaknesses into their software. When this compromised software reaches end-users, attackers gain access to their systems, potentially affecting hundreds or thousands of organizations.

Maja Šporčić, product manager at ASEE, emphasizes the severity of these attacks.

"Attackers target software producers and suppliers, embedding malicious code or security weaknesses into their software. When this compromised software reaches the end-users, the attackers gain access to their systems. This strategy allows them to attack not just one organization but potentially hundreds or thousands using that software."

Constant Threat

Ransomware has been a persistent threat for years. This type of attack typically involves malicious software encrypting company data, making it inaccessible until a ransom is paid. Exploiting supply chain vulnerabilities is also becoming more prevalent. The SolarWinds incident is a prime example where attackers infiltrated a trusted software manufacturer to breach many government and corporate networks. Such attacks highlight the need for companies to ensure that their suppliers adhere to cybersecurity standards and best practices. Identity theft and phishing attacks, which are increasingly personalized and often crafted to mimic regional languages or use generative AI technology, also remain significant threats.

Artificial intelligence is being used more frequently to automate attacks, create malicious code and content, and facilitate the work of cybercriminals. This speeds up their attack campaigns and aids them in executing social engineering attacks. One tactic showcasing the power of AI in cyberattacks is cloning or voice modulation, where attackers imitate authoritative figures during phone calls to gain access to organizations or extract financial gain. While cybercriminals are getting smarter, so are legislative bodies, which have realized the importance of robust cybersecurity measures.

Legislative Measures

Regulators and state authorities are increasingly aware of the importance of cybersecurity. The European Union's NIS2 framework aims to strengthen cybersecurity and operational resilience. Unlike its predecessor, NIS2 covers more sectors, prescribes stricter security measures, and imposes harsher penalties for non-compliance, affecting both organizations and managers responsible for protecting the company. In Croatia, the provisions of NIS2 have been incorporated into the new Cybersecurity Act, which came into force in February. This legislation is prompting many companies to reassess their level of cybersecurity.

"NIS2 encompasses more sectors and prescribes more demanding security measures and stricter penalties for non-compliance, which apply not only to the organization but also to managers responsible for company protection. This move, integrated into Croatia’s new Cybersecurity Act, forces many companies to start considering their cybersecurity levels seriously." – Maja Šporčić

The Human Factor

Human error remains one of the greatest vulnerabilities in cybersecurity. Continuous employee training is crucial. Research shows that 88 percent of cybersecurity breaches occur due to human error. Companies should develop training programs that cover basic security practices, recognizing phishing attacks, and password management. This education should be ongoing and regularly updated to address new threats.

Šporčić reiterates the importance of ongoing education, "Research shows that 88 percent of cybersecurity breaches happened due to human error. A training program should cover basic security practices, recognizing phishing attacks, and managing passwords. This education should be continuous and regularly updated to address new threats."

By understanding and addressing these challenges, companies can better protect themselves and their clients in an increasingly digital world.

How can ASEE help?

Third-party attackers frequently exploit weak authentication measures and inadequate access control to compromise authentication infrastructures. This approach allows them to infiltrate organizations and insert malicious code into software. Highlighting this tactic emphasizes the robustness of our security solutions and their effectiveness in preventing such breaches. ASEE provides innovative solutions tailored to address specific cybersecurity challenges, effectively mitigating risks and enhancing overall security. Here’s how ASEE can assist your organization in overcoming these challenges:

ENHANCED MOBILE APPLICATION SECURITY:

Organizations often struggle with compromised mobile applications and failing penetration tests. ASEE’s App Protector solution tackles this issue by reducing vulnerabilities and actively detecting and responding to threats in real-time. Through application hardening techniques such as code obfuscation, anti-tampering, and integrity checks, it becomes significantly more difficult for attackers to exploit vulnerabilities. Additionally, Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) technology monitors the application’s behavior and context, effectively blocking malicious activities like jailbreaking, rooting, debugging, hooking, emulator detection, and screen recording. This comprehensive approach minimizes the attack surface and ensures the security of your mobile applications against emerging threats.

ROBUST ACCESS MANAGEMENT:

Inadequate authorization mechanisms can expose organizations to unauthorized data breaches. ASEE’s Identity and Access Management (IAM) system enforces strict access controls, managing and authenticating the credentials of employees and third-party entities alike. This system ensures that only authorized personnel can access critical systems and data while maintaining detailed audit trails for enhanced security and compliance.

MULTI-FACTOR AND ADAPTIVE AUTHENTICATION:

Weak authentication measures leave organizations susceptible to unauthorized access. ASEE addresses this by implementing Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) and Adaptive Authentication. MFA adds an extra layer of security, making it difficult for unauthorized users to gain access even if credentials are compromised. Adaptive Authentication goes further by analyzing factors such as user behavior, location, device, and time of access to dynamically assess the risk level of each authentication attempt. This real-time analysis allows the system to respond immediately to potential threats, providing a smarter, more responsive security layer.

PASSWORDLESS AUTHENTICATION SYSTEMS:

Unsafe password management by employees can lead to significant security risks. ASEE’s Passwordless authentication solution moves away from traditional password-based security, utilizing biometric authentication methods instead. This not only simplifies and secures the login process but also reduces security fatigue among users. With biometric credentials that cannot be easily stolen or replicated, organizations can ensure a higher level of security with less user friction.

By integrating ASEE’s tailored solutions, your organization can significantly enhance its security posture, protect critical data, and maintain compliance with industry standards.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

G.R.I.D. Conference: The State of Cybersecurity Awareness

The awareness of cybersecurity is growing, although more work is still needed. In raising awareness, the NIS2 directive (Network and Information Security Directive) and the DORA regulation (Digital Operational Resilience Act) help.

These regulations mandate stricter security protocols and resilience strategies, pushing companies to prioritize cybersecurity. However, despite the regulatory push, many organizations struggle with the practical aspects of implementation, often due to limited resources or a lack of understanding of the cyber threats complexity. As the digital landscape evolves, so too must the approach to cybersecurity, making continuous education and adaptation essential components of any strategy.

ASEE's Strategic Response to Emerging Cybersecurity Threats

Robert Preskar, Security and Compliance LoB Manager at ASEE, emphasized the critical need for heightened cybersecurity awareness in both large and small companies. He particularly highlighted the emerging threats of smishing (SMS phishing) and vishing (voice phishing), and introduced Spoofing Protector, a solution by ASEE designed to mitigate such risks.

Preskar noted that while larger companies are increasingly aware of cyber threats and actively work to prevent them, the SME sector remains less vigilant, often not recognizing the severity of the threat until it becomes an immediate concern. He pointed out that the weakest link in cybersecurity continues to be human behavior, emphasizing the need for better education and awareness among employees. According to Preskar, cybersecurity budgets tend to be minimal until an incident occurs, after which investments surge. However, he cautioned that effective cybersecurity is not just about investing in technology but also about having a robust strategy and risk assessment plan.

Cybersecurity Paradox: Essential Yet Undervalued

Bojan Ždrnja, Chief Technology Officer at Infigo, shared that his team has been constantly engaged with cybersecurity incidents, rarely having a free weekend since November last year. He observed that while regulations are raising awareness, the overall understanding of cybersecurity's importance is still insufficient.

Zlatan Morić, director of the cybersecurity department at Algebra University, agreed by noting that many managers still see cybersecurity as a cost rather than a necessity. He highlighted the challenges posed by the new Cybersecurity Law, which focuses on risk analysis—a task made difficult by the fact that many companies do not even know what assets they possess. This lack of knowledge makes it hard to perform effective risk analysis and leaves systems vulnerable to attacks.

Progress Achieved, But More Needed

Ždrnja acknowledged some positive developments, particularly in the financial industry, which is more regulated and thus more in tune with cybersecurity needs. However, he stressed that progress is slow and more sectors need to catch up. He underscored the importance of strategy, risk assessment, and investment in both technology and human resources to achieve an appropriate level of security.

The Talent Gap in Cybersecurity

Morić pointed out the significant talent gap in cybersecurity, despite efforts to educate more experts in the field. He explained that the demanding nature of cybersecurity work, compared to roles like programming or system engineering, deters many IT professionals from pursuing this path.

Conclusion

The roundtable participants agreed that companies must prioritize raising employee awareness about cybersecurity threats. As hackers increasingly target the easiest victims, enhancing staff vigilance should be a core component of any company's security policy. Preskar's insights, particularly on emerging smishing and wishing threats and ASEE's Spoofing Protector, underscore the need for proactive and comprehensive cybersecurity strategies.

eBook: Spoofing Protection for Combating Vishing and Smishing Fraud in the Banking Sector

If you're struggling to prevent vishing and smishing fraud targeting your customers, this eBook will help you make informed decisions regarding social engineering fraud. Download the ebook to learn how Spoofing Protector detects and prevents mentioned attacks.

Download eBook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Supply Chain Attacks: Prevention Best Practices and Examples

What are supply chain attacks?

Supply chain attacks target third-party vendors trusted to provide essential services or software within a supply chain. In software supply chain attacks, attackers inject malicious code into an application to infect its users, whereas hardware supply chain attacks tamper with physical components to achieve the same goal.

Historically, supply chain attacks have targeted the trusted relationships between companies, exploiting weaker security in one supplier to reach their larger trading partners. Today, however, the main reason for worry is software supply chain attacks. These attacks are especially threatening because modern software relies heavily on pre-built components, including third-party APIs, open-source code, and proprietary software from vendors. This means if a widely-used application incorporates a compromised dependency, every business that downloads software from that vendor is at risk, potentially affecting a large number of victims.

Also, because software is often reused, a single vulnerability can persist beyond the life of the original software, especially in software that lacks a large user community. Larger communities tend to identify and address vulnerabilities more quickly than smaller ones.

How do supply chain attacks work?

Cyber attackers infiltrate a supplier or vendor's network, often one with weaker security protocols. Once inside, they can tamper with software and systems to compromise the security of any connected organizations. Because businesses typically trust their suppliers, these attacks can go unnoticed for a long time, allowing malicious actors to cause extensive damage.

Types of supply chain attacks

Software attacks

These involve malicious modifications to software products before the delivery to customers. It includes embedding malware within legitimate software updates or installation packages.

Browser-based attacks

Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in web browsers to execute unauthorized commands or redirect users to malicious websites.

JavaScript attacks

These attacks use malicious JavaScript code inserted into reputable websites, often through compromised third-party services.

Magecart attacks

A specific type of JavaScript attack where cybercriminals inject skimming code into e-commerce sites to steal credit card data directly from online payment forms.

Open-source attacks

These occur when attackers inject malicious code into open-source libraries or components, which are then unknowingly used by developers in various applications.

Cryptojacking

In this scenario, attackers use someone else's computing resources to mine cryptocurrency without their knowledge.

Watering hole attacks

Cybercriminals compromise a popular website known to be visited by targeted users to infect their systems.

Known examples of supply chain attacks

SolarWinds

In 2020, a highly sophisticated supply chain attack came to light, targeting the Orion software by SolarWinds, a popular IT management solution. This attack involved the insertion of a malicious code, dubbed "SUNBURST," into the software's updates. Over 18,000 SolarWinds customers downloaded the compromised software update, which then allowed attackers to infiltrate the networks of multiple US federal agencies and numerous private companies. The breach was notable not only for its scale but also for the stealth and sophistication with which the attackers operated, remaining undetected for months.

Mimecast

In 2021, Mimecast, an email management tool, reported that one of its digital certificates was compromised. This certificate was used to authenticate Mimecast Sync and Recover, Continuity Monitor, and IEP products to Microsoft 365 Exchange Web Services. As a result, the attackers potentially accessed email and other data from about 10% of Mimecast's customers who used this connection. The breach was part of a larger series of attacks that also involved SolarWinds, suggesting a coordinated effort to target multiple parts of the technology supply chain.

Equifax

The Equifax breach, which occurred in 2017, was one of the largest recorded data breaches and involved the exposure of sensitive personal information, including social security numbers, of approximately 147 million people. The attackers exploited a vulnerability in Apache Struts, an open-source application framework used by Equifax for its web applications. Despite patches being available several months before the breach, Equifax failed to update its systems in time, leading to unauthorized access and massive data leakage.

Okta

Okta recently experienced a significant software supply chain attack, impacting files associated with 134 of its customers, which is less than 1% of its total customer base. The breach notably damaged Okta's reputation, a critical asset in the cybersecurity field, resulting in an 11% drop in its shares due to diminished trust among current and potential customers. Sensitive customer data was compromised during the attack, thereby raising serious privacy and security concerns. Additionally, the breach led to potential operational disruptions for the affected customers. While a prompt response helped mitigate severe impacts, necessary investigations and bolstered security protocols likely disrupted regular business activities. Also, the attackers had access to stolen session tokens, which could lead to unauthorized account takeovers, further endangering confidential data and operational integrity within the affected organizations.

10 best practices to mitigate software supply chain attacks

  1. Inspect unauthorized shadow IT systems: Regularly audit and monitor for any unauthorized IT practices or solutions within the organization.
  2. Keep a comprehensive and up-to-date software asset inventory: Maintain a detailed inventory of all software assets to manage and secure them effectively.
  3. Evaluate the security standards of suppliers: Before onboarding, assess the security posture of all potential suppliers to ensure they meet your security requirements.
  4. Continuously validate supplier integrity: Regularly review and reassess the security practices of suppliers to ensure ongoing compliance and security.
  5. Implement client-side security measures: Deploy security solutions that protect end users from potential threats via their client devices.
  6. Utilize endpoint detection and response technologies: Implement advanced technologies that can detect, investigate, and respond to security threats on endpoint devices.
  7. Establish stringent code integrity guidelines: Create policies that only allow vetted, authorized applications to run in your environment.
  8. Ensure the build and update infrastructure is secure: Safeguard all systems involved in the development, build, and deployment processes from unauthorized access and tampering.
  9. Incorporate secure software updates within the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): Integrate security practices into every phase of software development to detect vulnerabilities early.
  10. Formulate a robust incident response strategy: Develop a comprehensive incident response plan to quickly identify, respond to, and recover from security breaches.

By understanding and implementing these practices, organizations can significantly enhance their defenses against the rising tide of supply chain attacks, ensuring their data and systems are well-protected against this sophisticated and potentially devastating form of cyber threat.

How can ASEE help?

Third-party attackers often exploit weak authentication measures and inappropriate access control to target the authentication infrastructure. This strategy enables them to penetrate organizations and inject malicious code into the software. Highlighting this tactic further underscores the strength of our security solutions and effectiveness in protecting against such breaches. ASEE offers innovative solutions tailored to address specific cybersecurity challenges, effectively mitigating risks and enhancing overall security. Here’s how ASEE can assist your organization in overcoming these challenges:

Enhanced mobile application security:

Many organizations face the challenge of compromised mobile applications and failing penetration tests. ASEE’s App Protector solution directly addresses this by minimizing vulnerabilities and actively detecting and responding to threats in real-time. Through application hardening techniques like code obfuscation, anti-tampering, and integrity checks, it becomes significantly harder for attackers to exploit vulnerabilities. Additionally, Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) technology monitors the application’s behavior and context, effectively blocking malicious activities such as jailbreaking, rooting, debugging, hooking, emulator detection, and screen recording. This comprehensive approach reduces the attack surface and ensures that your mobile applications remain secure against emerging threats.

Robust access management:

Inadequate authorization mechanisms can expose organizations to unauthorized data breaches. ASEE’s Identity and Access Management (IAM) system enforces stringent access controls, managing and authenticating the credentials of employees and third-party entities alike. This system ensures that only authorized personnel have access to critical systems and data while maintaining detailed audit trails for enhanced security and compliance.

Multi-Factor and Adaptive authentication:

Weak authentication measures leave organizations vulnerable to unauthorized access. ASEE addresses this by implementing Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) and Adaptive Authentication. MFA adds an extra layer of security, making it difficult for unauthorized users to gain access even if they have compromised credentials. Adaptive Authentication takes this further by analyzing factors such as user behavior, location, device, and time of access to dynamically assess the risk level of each authentication attempt. This real-time analysis allows the system to respond immediately to potential threats, providing a smarter, more responsive security layer.

Passwordless authentication systems:

Unsafe password management by employees can lead to significant security risks. ASEE’s Passwordless authentication solution shifts away from traditional password-based security, using biometric authentication methods instead. This not only makes the login process simpler and more secure but also reduces the chances of security fatigue among users. With biometric credentials that cannot be easily stolen or replicated, organizations can ensure a higher level of security with less user friction.

By integrating ASEE’s tailored solutions, your organization can significantly enhance its security posture, protect critical data, and maintain compliance with industry standards.

Feel free to contact us– zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Luka Mićanović on ASEE Private Cloud: One Less Thing To Worry About

The concepts of IaaS/SaaS/PaaS took off back in the 90s. While companies, banks, and government institutions in the region are starting to move, larger companies in more advanced markets are already beginning to leave the cloud. On the other hand, data centers are popping up all over the place, and there is fear of power shortages.

What is happening? What should I buy? These are some of the questions Luka Mićanović, Delivery Unit Manager in the Security&Compliance department at ASEE, will answer for us.

Luka, can you first explain the types of cloud we are talking about?

Each type of cloud is different. When we say cloud today, we usually mean public cloud like AWS or Azure. Besides that, there are also private clouds and hosting options. Simplified, in the cloud, you can offer infrastructure where you get machines, and platforms where you get additional services on those servers, so you generally need fewer people to maintain the infrastructure. Also, there is SaaS where you get a complete application and just work with it. The latest thing is serverless (FaaS – function as a service) where developers can directly run code without even thinking about the server.

What would be the pros and cons of public cloud?

Public cloud is currently as popular as Taylor Swift. Everyone wants a piece of the pie but doesn’t know exactly why, and more importantly, how. The law of conservation of energy says you can’t create something out of nothing, and this applies here as well. To fully exploit the potential of the cloud, knowledge and effort are required.

The last few years have shown the two biggest advantages of the public cloud – low investment to start a new service (PoC or beta) and almost unlimited scalability. Expected savings, primarily on the people who previously maintained in-house systems, often did not occur or did not happen to the expected extent.

Why is that?

To get the same functionalities in the public cloud, you need knowledge from specialized experts who deal with that specifically. The cloud has an infinite number of functionalities – it has been shown that to arrange things in the desired setup, external company support is often needed, such as ASEE. Only then is good service and the desired benefit achieved.

Does that mean that we should “forget” about the public cloud?

The message here is not that the public cloud is bad, but that it is necessary to conduct a good analysis and prepare the desired setup. In some cases, it is much better to go in the direction of a hybrid or even a private cloud solution.

Who should consider these solutions?

Anyone who has an application and plans to install it somewhere! Currently, we provide services for the most sensitive production environments of banks across Europe and simultaneously have isolated environments for smaller development pilot projects, so there are no restrictions on ''who''.

What would be the first steps if we decide to implement it?

Just contact us for a meeting to confirm that the project makes sense and to agree on when to start. Technically, the most important are the resources and technology to be used.

How can ASEE help here?

ASEE can cover everything from the initial assessment, migration, all necessary services and licenses, project management, integration, and later maintenance activities.

Do you have an example from practice where a private solution was better than a public one?

Examples of successful migrations from the public cloud and achieved savings can be found online. Specifically, in our environment, we have 60+ banks and processors that have chosen our private cloud and have never looked back.

How has this impacted the client's business?

The biggest impact has been savings in terms of maintaining additional machines, scaling, security, training people, and reducing risks concerning an additional environment that would be in the bank. At least one less thing to worry about!

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

Download ebook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

How to Protect Your Clients from Spoofing: PdM's Perspective

“Your package could not be delivered. Click on the link to update the address information.” –you click and fill out the requested information, moreover, you are also asked to pay a small fee. This “small” fee turns out to be significant, and your account details are stolen through a fake form on the website. Within minutes, you’ve become a victim of spoofing fraud.

This is a major issue in the EU countries - and a costly one for banks, delivery services, and payment providers. Millions of euros are spent annually to compensate and refund amounts lost in actions where a fraudster impersonates a trusted institution and requests personal information from users.

Some EU banks have already launched campaigns to raise awareness about fraudulent messages and calls directed at their customers. Željka Jurić, Product Manager in the Security&Compliance department, explained how ASEE, works on security solutions to tackle this new issue.

Can you provide more technical insight into the issue of spoofing fraud?

There are actually two methods. The more common and frequent, and thus easier for users to notice, involves someone sending you a message (known as smishing) or receiving a call (vishing) from a random number that looks like any other unknown number. You might think a friend or someone from work is calling, but once you answer, they start telling a story. For example, they tell you that you have a lot of money in cryptocurrencies and it’s time to cash it out. They call you to get your account details to transfer the money. It’s similar to SMS. The message comes from an unknown number or even an email address. In such cases, the fraudster is not doing anything technically demanding; they might have bought many different SIM cards to call from or send messages through an SMS platform.

With ''true'' spoofing, the number displayed on your screen is indeed the number of a bank or some other well-known institution. The caller ID is something you can never trust because it can be easily spoofed using software that fraudsters share freely online. Your screen usually shows the phone number and the name associated with the line calling you. But there are services that allow any fake caller ID to be displayed. Some Voice over IP (VoIP) providers allow the user to configure the displayed number as part of the service provider's web interface settings.

How do fraudsters obtain the contact numbers of victims?

Fraudsters get contact numbers in various ways. One way to obtain sensitive data is the dark web, where data that has been stolen and published. However, it’s also easy to obtain personal data from social networks or job ad sites. This way, fraudsters can gain the user's trust more easily because they already know a lot about them.

They usually send fake SMS messages to random numbers. So, out of 20.000 numbers, they might hit yours just when your package from the post office is delayed. You receive a message from the fraudster that your package could not be delivered, and you need to fill out information for the courier to contact you. Naturally, you'll act accordingly as you were indeed expecting a delivery.

How did you counter these malicious practices by fraudsters?

Since we have been working with banks and financial institutions for many years, we knew what was happening. For over 20 years, we have been developing security solutions and are well-versed in mobile applications and additional features that can be integrated to protect mobile applications and their users. The logical step was to continue helping our clients and create something innovative to solve this big current issue. We utilize existing security mechanisms which we adapted , and applied to this matter.

How does Spoofing Protector work, and what technologies does it rely on?

Our solution, Spoofing Protector, is actually an SDK that integrates into the mobile application of a particular institution. It is essentially a B2B solution that protects the end-user. Each user will receive a notification before they receive a legitimate call from a particular institution. This is one of the first ways a user can know that the call is genuine. In the case of a fake call, there will be no notification. Our solution will immediately terminate the call before it even reaches the end-user.

For SMS messages, every message sent by a particular institution will contain a secure signature generated by our solution. This way, we can verify that the SMS is legitimate. If the SMS does not contain a secure signature, or the signature is not successfully verified (or is suspicious for other reasons such as the sending time or sender's name/number), the SMS will be flagged as a spoofing attempt.

What happens from the end-user's perspective when they receive a spoofed call or message?

To the user, it looks like they are receiving a legitimate call. It might even seem like the bank is calling them. In reality, the fraudster is calling the victim, saying they work at their bank or another institution, and informing them about a problem with their account or credit card. A fake alert can also arrive via SMS initially, asking the person to call a number to resolve the issue. Another tactic used in vishing scams are links offering opportunities to pay off debts below the original amount or high-return investments. These “offers” usually have a limited time, so the person needs to act immediately.

If it is a true spoofed SMS, it will contain the bank's or delivery service's name or number. In the SMS, they usually send a fake link directing you to check your details or redirect the package. You can easily spot that the link is fake. The URL contains a mix of letters and numbers or even some symbols, or it is just a single page with no content, and the links lead nowhere except to that page.

Because of all this, the implementation of Spoofing Protector by institutions and companies will not only help protect the company's reputation and reduce costs caused by this type of fraud.  It also protects its end-users and restores trust in the institution.

Who is liable for damage caused by spoofing scams, institutions or the end-user?

It depends on the type of spoofing. If it is real spoofing where the fraudster calls from the number of a particular institution, the institution is entirely responsible for protecting its number and its users. However, if it is a random number from which calls are received, the responsibility lies with the user, as they decide how they manage their data and with whom they share it. In practice, though, institutions often try to compensate and refund money to their users to maintain their loyalty.

What can users do themselves to protect themselves?

Be careful where you leave your personal information such as email, phone number, name, and address. Prevent anyone from getting your number and making you a victim of spoofing scams. Always use multi-factor authentication for login to protect the data you have stored anywhere on the internet.

Always check the source from which you receive a message or call. If anything seems illogical or strange, do not respond or click on links. Often, fake calls are made from automated voice tools, so it feels like you are talking to a robot.

No institution will ever ask for your account details to pay you or deposit money into your account.

If you notice a fake call or message, it is best to report it immediately to the institution being impersonated to prevent any future fraud attempts.

HOW CAN ASEE HELP? 

Are you experiencing issues with social engineering attempts targeting your clients? We'll gladly offer guidance and help you protect your business and your customers.

eBook: Spoofing Protection for Combating Vishing and Smishing Fraud in the Banking Sector

If you're struggling to prevent vishing and smishing fraud targeting your customers, this eBook will help you make informed decisions regarding social engineering fraud. Download the ebook to learn how Spoofing Protector detects and prevents mentioned attacks.

Download eBook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Frauds that cost billions: ASEE presented digital innovations in the protection of users and companies

The first ASEE CyberSafe Showcase, organized by ASEE in Zagreb, focused on the risks and importance of social engineering fraud prevention. In the context of IT security, social engineering refers to psychological manipulation with the aim of revealing confidential information. Around 98% of cyber attacks rely on this technique.

The damage caused by this type of fraud is counted in billions of euros worldwide. The case of Singapore's OCBC Bank, which lost $13.7 million because more than 790 of its customers fell victim to fake text messages, clearly shows the severity of the problem for banks and institutions. Such examples of fraud are also present in Croatia. Mirta Šimunić from ASEE pointed out in her introductory lecture recent articles in the domestic media and announcements by banks and post offices that call for caution. She also cited specific examples of messages in which fraudsters falsely presented themselves in the name of the well-known portal Njuškalo and Hrvatska pošta (Croatian Post). These examples and numerous others clearly show how important it is to educate users and raise awareness of the problem.

Željka Jurić, Product Manager in the Security & Compliance department of ASEE, spoke about protection from spoofing, where the attacker uses the real and registered number of a specific institution to deceive the user and obtain sensitive data through calls or SMS messages. Željka emphasized the importance of continuous investment in advanced technologies and security measures in order to reduce the risk of fraud. One such solution is the Spoofing Protector developed by ASEE for its clients. This solution integrates into the mobile application of a particular institution and protects the end user. The user will be notified before receiving a legitimate invitation from the institution. The notification will not be sent in case of a fake call, and the solution will immediately end the call.

The solution works similarly for SMS messages. If the SMS does not contain a security signature or the signature has not been successfully verified and is suspicious for any reason (time of sending, sender's name/number), the SMS message will be marked as a fraud attempt and will not be delivered to the user.

Dubravko Kovačić, Product Manager for the Security of Payment Solutions of ASEE, held a presentation on the topic of adaptive authentication. He emphasized the advantages of such authentication in payment processes and fraud prevention. Banks want to be sure of the user's identity in order to reduce risk, and users want a simple and fast user experience. A solution that performs multiple levels of identity verification without additional user engagement enables exactly that and reconciles two seemingly contradictory things.

"It became clear that the attackers stopped targeting the technology and found the weakest link - the user," said Dražen Koren from Hrvatska poštanska banka and Dario Matacun from ASEE, who discussed the implementation of this solution in one of Croatia's largest banks. They pointed out that the solution was developed and received its final outlines through close cooperation between the two companies, enabling the bank and its users additional protection.

"The prevention of social engineering fraud is becoming increasingly important as attackers become more sophisticated. We know the importance of continuous conversation on this topic. Our goal is to educate and empower companies to recognize and prevent these threats, and to offer technological solutions to increase security and trust in the digital environment," said Robert Preskar, Director of Security & Compliance at ASEE.

ASEE is one of the region's leading providers of digital solutions, specializing in security technologies and protection against cyber threats. Through innovative solutions and partnerships with leading banks and companies, ASEE continuously works to increase security and protect users in the digital world.

HOW CAN ASEE HELP? 

Are you experiencing issues with social engineering attempts targeting your clients? We'll gladly offer guidance and help you protect your business and your customers.

eBook: Spoofing Protection for Combating Vishing and Smishing Fraud in the Banking Sector

If you're struggling to prevent vishing and smishing fraud targeting your customers, this eBook will help you make informed decisions regarding social engineering fraud. Download the ebook to learn how Spoofing Protector detects and prevents mentioned attacks.

Download eBook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA): Europe’s Framework for Cybersecurity


Its objective is to enhance the IT security of financial institutions including banks, insurance companies, and investment firms, ensuring that Europe's financial sector can maintain its resilience during significant operational disruptions. DORA standardizes the operational resilience regulations across the financial sector, affecting 20 different kinds of financial entities and ICT third-party service providers.

The Need for DORA

The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) emerges in response to the increasing digitalization of financial services. While offering numerous benefits, it also exposes the sector to heightened cybersecurity risks. The surge in cyberattacks and technology failures has demonstrated the critical need for robust regulatory frameworks to ensure the operational resilience of the financial system. The regulation aims to consolidate and upgrade ICT security regulations across the European Union, ensuring a standardized approach to cybersecurity for financial entities.

DORA Timeline and Important Dates

DORA was proposed as part of the European Commission’s digital finance package in September 2020. Following negotiations and amendments, it was officially adopted by the European Parliament and the Council in 2022. DORA entered into force on January 16th, 2023. The regulation is taking full effect 24 months after its adoption. This means that entities subject to the regulation are expected to be compliant until January 17th, 2025.

DORA Requirements

The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) outlines a comprehensive set of requirements designed to fortify the cybersecurity frameworks of financial entities within the EU. These requirements target several key areas. From risk management to third-party interactions, they ensure that all aspects of ICT security are properly addressed. Below, we list each of these requirements providing insights into what organizations must do to comply and ultimately strengthen their digital operational resilience.

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ICT Risk Management and Governance

Entities are required to implement comprehensive management frameworks to identify, assess, and mitigate ICT risks. This includes establishing clear governance structures with defined roles and responsibilities to effectively manage ICT risks.

Incident Response and Reporting

DORA mandates a robust incident response mechanism. Financial entities must be able to detect and manage ICT-related incidents promptly. Additionally, they need to report major incidents to the competent authorities, facilitating a swift and coordinated response to mitigate impacts.

Digital Operational Resilience Testing

Regular testing is crucial under DORA. Entities must conduct and participate in resilience testing exercises, including vulnerability assessments and penetration tests, to evaluate their defenses against potential cyber threats and identify areas for improvement.

Third-Party Risk Management

Recognizing the increasing reliance on third-party service providers, DORA emphasizes the need for stringent third-party risk management practices. Financial entities must ensure that their third-party vendors comply with DORA standards to avoid introducing new vulnerabilities into their operations.

Information Sharing

DORA encourages and sometimes mandates information sharing regarding ICT risks and incidents among financial entities. This practice aims to foster a collective approach to threat intelligence and defense strategies, enhancing the sector's overall resilience.

Who Does DORA Apply To?

DORA applies broadly across the financial sector, including banks, insurance companies, investment firms, crypto-asset service providers, and critical third-party service providers to these entities. It covers a wide spectrum of financial activities within the EU, ensuring that all relevant players contribute to the sector's digital resilience.

A comprehensive list of entities affected by the Dora regulation:

  • Credit institutions
  • Payment institutions
  • Account information service providers
  • Electronic money institutions
  • Investment firms
  • Crypto-asset service providers and issuers of asset-referenced tokens
  • Central securities depositories
  • Central counterparties
  • Trading venues
  • Trade repositories
  • Managers of alternative investment funds
  • Management companies
  • Data reporting service providers
  • Insurance and reinsurance undertakings
  • Insurance intermediaries, reinsurance intermediaries and ancillary insurance intermediaries
  • Institutions for occupational retirement provision
  • Credit rating agencies
  • Administrators of critical benchmarks
  • Crowdfunding service providers
  • Securitisation repositories

How Does DORA Affect Your Organization?

For organizations within its scope, DORA introduces stringent compliance obligations aimed at strengthening ICT protocols, incident management, and continuity practices. It highlights investments in technology and governance frameworks, potentially leading to initial overhead costs but ultimately contributing to a more resilient digital operational environment.

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How to Start Preparing for DORA?

  1. Gap Analysis: Conduct a thorough assessment of your current ICT security measures and practices against DORA requirements.
  2. Framework Development: Develop or update your ICT risk management and governance frameworks to align with DORA standards.
  3. Staff Training: Invest in training programs to enhance your team’s understanding of DORA requirements and effective cybersecurity practices.
  4. Vendor Assessment: Review and adjust your third-party service contracts and management processes to ensure DORA compliance.
  5. Testing and Audits: Implement regular testing of your ICT systems and participate in industry resilience tests to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities.
  6. Continuous Improvement: Establish mechanisms for ongoing review and adaptation of your cybersecurity practices in response to evolving threats and regulatory expectations.

By addressing these aspects, financial institutions and related entities can ensure not only compliance with DORA but also a significant strengthening of their operational resilience in the digital age.

How can ASEE help?

ASEE can significantly strengthen your organization's cybersecurity capabilities in alignment with the stringent demands of DORA. Our suite of solutions addresses critical aspects of ICT risk management and governance. By implementing advanced measures like Identity and Access Management (IAM), Single Sign-On (SSO), and Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) you minimize the risk of unauthorized access. Also, Adaptive and Passwordless Authentication make the user experience for employees seamless and frictionless.  

Our commitment to robust incident response and digital resilience reflects in our offerings such as Mobile Application Shielding and Inact AI/ML fraud monitoring. These technologies are designed to protect your applications from emerging threats and continuously monitor for fraudulent activities, ensuring detection and quick response to incidents.

With ASEE’s comprehensive cybersecurity solutions, your organization can not only meet the requirements of DORA but also advance its overall security posture. Ensure resilience and trust in the digital age! Let ASEE help you navigate the complexities of compliance and cybersecurity with confidence.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Understanding the NIS2 Directive and Its Implications on Your Organization

This article explores the nuances of the NIS2 Directive, its differences from NIS1, the specific requirements it introduces, the sectors it impacts, its implementation timeline, its applicability, the necessity for its introduction, and the consequences for non-compliance.

What is the NIS2 Directive?

The NIS2 Directive, short for Network and Information Security Directive, is the European Union’s revised legislative effort to strengthen cybersecurity measures across all member states. Building on the foundation laid by the original NIS Directive (NIS1), NIS2 expands both the scope and depth of requirements to ensure a high common level of cybersecurity, cyber resilience, and incident response capabilities within the EU.

NIS1 vs. NIS2: What's new?

NIS2 isn’t just an update—it's a comprehensive overhaul designed to address the limitations and challenges observed in the NIS1 framework. Key differences include:

NIS2: Dates to remember

The NIS2 Directive was officially adopted by the European Parliament and the Council in December 2020, with the directive entering into force in January 2023. Member states are given a transition period to incorporate the directive into national law, typically requiring compliance within 21 months from its entry into force.

This means that the EU member states had until 18th October 2024 to transpose the NIS2 directive into their national law.

NIS2 Requirements

NIS2 sets forth stringent and detailed requirements aimed at ensuring that both essential and important entities achieve a high level of cyber resilience. These requirements include:

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Baseline Security: 10 Minimum Measures

Additionally, NIS2 requires essential and important entities to establish foundational security measures to counteract probable cyber threats. These measures include:

Which Sectors and Organizations are Affected by the NIS2 Directive?

The directive applies to a wide array of sectors deemed critical for the social and economic welfare of the EU. These sectors include energy, transport, health, digital infrastructure, public administration, and the financial sector, among others. The inclusion of these sectors underscores their importance in maintaining societal functions and the collective EU economy.

NIS2 classifies organizations as '' essential entity'' or ''important entity'', according to two criteria:

*member states can include/exclude organizations irrespective of these two criteria

Entity sizeNumber of employeesRevenue (MEUR)Balance sheet (MEUR)Sectors of high criticalityOther critical sectors
LargeX>=250y>=50z>=43Essential entitiesImportant entities
Medium50>=X>25010>=y>5010>=z>43Important entitiesImportant entities
SmallX<50Y<10Z<10Out of scopeOut of scope
NIS2 entities classification according to size, revenue, and balance sheet

According to NIS2, sectors falling under the ''essential entities (EE)'' category are:

  • Digital infrastructure
  • Water supply
  • Space
  • Health
  • Public administration
  • Finance
  • Transport
  • Energy

According to NIS2, sectors falling under the ''important entities (iE)'' category are:

  • Digital provides
  • Manufacturing
  • Food
  • Research
  • Chemicals
  • Waste management
  • Postal services
NIS2 sectors scope

Why the Need for NIS2?

Introduced in 2016, NIS1 was the first directive aiming to enhance the European legislation regarding cybersecurity. However, it soon became evident after its introduction that the application of the Directive varied significantly across Member States. This led to an uneven framework. Certain organizations were classified as essential in some countries, but the rule was bent in others.

In response, the European Commission opted to amend the NIS Directive to explicitly specify which organizations are included and what their precise requirements are. This revision materialized in 2021 as the Network and Information Security Directive (NIS2).

The revision to expand into NIS2 was also driven by the evolving and increasingly sophisticated nature of cyber threats. NIS2 aims to address these evolving threats by enhancing security measures, improving incident reporting, and fostering greater collaboration among EU member states.

Penalties Related to Non-Compliance with NIS2

Non-compliance with the NIS2 Directive will result in significant penalties. These can include substantial fines, which underscore the directive’s aim to ensure serious adherence to established cybersecurity practices. Penalties are divided into three main categories:

It is important to note that fines vary depending on the member state for specific violations such as failure to report security incidents.

Navigate NIS2 Compliance Confidently.
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Administrative fines


Non-compliance with the NIS2 Directive carries more severe penalties than the original NIS. The NIS2 Directive imposes varying penalties for non-compliance based on the classification of the entities involved.

For essential entities, administrative fines can reach up to €10 MM or a minimum of 2% of the total annual worldwide turnover from the previous fiscal year of the company to which the essential entity belongs, depending on which is greater.

For important entities, administrative fines can go up to €7 MM or a minimum of 1.4% of the total annual worldwide turnover from the previous fiscal year of the company to which the important entity belongs, depending on which is greater.

Sanctions for management


NIS2 enables authorities in the Member States to assign personal liability to C-level management if a violation is established following a cyber incident. Sanctions include:

These provisions intend to ensure accountability at higher management levels and to deter negligence in the handling of cyber risks.

How Can ASEE Help?


As organizations navigate the complexities of achieving compliance with the NIS2 Directive, ASEE offers a suite of solutions that align with the directive’s requirements for cybersecurity and data protection. Here's how ASEE can assist organizations in fulfilling some of the critical aspects of NIS2 compliance:

Access Management:


One of the key aspects of NIS2 is stringent access management, ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive or critical data. ASEE’s Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions are designed to limit access based on defined roles and policies. This includes Single Sign-On (SSO) capabilities that simplify login processes while maintaining high security standards, thus reducing password complexities and enhancing security.

Multi-Factor and Risk-Based Authentication:


ASEE’s Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) solutions utilize a broad range of both hardware and software authentication methods to ensure secure access to systems. Complementing this, our Risk-Based Authentication features adaptive authentication techniques, which consider user behaviour to provide dynamic security measures that strengthen system defences without compromising user convenience. Additionally, ASEE offers Passwordless Authentication options, which not only provide a seamless authentication experience but also mitigate the risks associated with password attacks and the burden of employees having to remember multiple passwords.

Securing Supply Chains:


In the context of NIS2’s emphasis on securing supply chains, ASEE’s IAM solution extend to managing customer identities and controlling third-party access to sensitive data, thereby safeguarding critical information from unauthorized access. For mobile app owners, ASEE’s App Protector enhances security postures by providing robust mobile app protection, ensuring that apps do not become the weak links in supply chains.

Navigate NIS2 Compliance Confidently.
Connect with Our Specialists Today.

Risk Assessments and Security Policies:


You can use Inact AI/ML fraud monitoring and logging mechanisms to detect, alert and respond to security incidents in a timely manner. ASEE also offers products for Mobile Application Shielding, which play an important role in conducting risk assessments and formulating security policies. These products help organizations shield their mobile applications from potential threats and vulnerabilities, aligning with NIS2’s directives for maintaining rigorous cybersecurity measures.

PKI Solutions:

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) significantly enhances compliance with the NIS2 Directive by ensuring encryption and authentication of data transmissions, critical for safeguarding sensitive information. PKI supports NIS2 requirements for digital signatures, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of electronic documents and transactions, making them legally binding and tamper-proof. It enables strong authentication measures, such as two-factor and multi-factor authentication, through secure management of digital certificates and keys. Additionally, PKI automates the management of digital certificates, crucial for maintaining compliance with NIS2, including issuance, renewal, and revocation processes. It also aids in maintaining data integrity and secure access control, further strengthening cybersecurity measures. PKI's capabilities extend to enhancing audit trails and logging with cryptographic timestamps. These are vital for compliance reporting and demonstrating adherence to NIS2 requirements during audits.

By integrating ASEE’s products into their cybersecurity strategies, organizations can not only meet the stringent requirements of NIS2 but also enhance their overall security infrastructure, protect critical data, and ensure continuous compliance with evolving cybersecurity regulations. This holistic approach to security management empowers organizations to tackle the challenges posed by the digital landscape effectively.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Taking Back Control: Banks Can Finally Launch Full Scope Mobile Wallets on iOS

ASEE is about to certify Visa & MC HCE solution on iOS platforms

Following Apple's recent announcement of opening NFC-Based Tap-and-Go Technology, we wasted no time in initiating the development and certification of an HCE solution tailored for Mastercard and Visa schemes on iOS platforms.

Looking back at our milestone in 2017, ASEE successfully developed and certified an HCE solution for the Android platform. However, limitations by Apple prevented us from extending this achievement to iOS, until now. We're excited to share that we anticipate offering a complete HCE solution for iOS by the end of 2024.

Nowadays, many banks currently facilitate NFC (HCE) payments through ApplePay integration at physical merchant points. However, this integration does not provide banks with truly complete ownership over their mobile wallet and brings certain challenges.

Challenges of Mobile Wallets Dependant on ApplePay

1. Overall Transaction Cost:

When negotiating transaction fees with ApplePay, the position of major banks is favorable as they often have stronger bargaining power. This would result in lower transaction costs. However, smaller banks may face higher fees due to their limited negotiation power and lower transaction volume. This can impact smaller banks' profitability and competitiveness in the market, potentially leading to higher costs for customers or reduced margins for the bank.

2. Limitation on Supported Devices:

Apple's decision to support specific versions of mobile devices, starting from the iPhone 6 with NFC capability, can limit the bank's potential customer base. As newer devices are released and older ones become obsolete, banks may face challenges in maintaining compatibility with supported devices. Additionally, the need to continually update technology to support newer devices can increase development costs for banks.

3. Inconveniences for Users with Multiple Mobile Wallets:

If a bank offers its own mobile wallet alongside Apple Pay for contactless payments, it may be inconvenient for users to manage multiple wallet applications for different services. This could result in reduced adoption of the bank's own wallet app, impacting the bank's ability to promote its brand and services effectively.

4. Dispute Resolution Challenges:

Any disputes or issues related to transactions made through Apple Pay must be resolved through Apple's channels, rather than directly by the issuing bank. This can prolong the resolution process and potentially result in customer dissatisfaction due to delays in addressing their concerns. Additionally, banks may have limited control over dispute resolution, impacting their ability to provide timely and effective customer support.

With Apple opening their NFC API, banks and fintechs can now overcome the above-mentioned challenges by digitizing credit/debit cards through their own Digital Wallets.

Understanding HCE and Its Benefits

Host Card Emulation (HCE) technology allows mobile devices to emulate contactless smart cards, enabling users to make secure payments without the need for physical cards. By leveraging HCE, banks can offer their customers a seamless and convenient payment experience through their smartphones. The benefits of implementing an HCE solution for banks include:

Enhanced Customer Experience

Embracing Host Card Emulation (HCE) technology enhances the overall customer experience by providing a seamless and convenient payment solution. With HCE, customers can securely make contactless payments using their smartphones, eliminating the need to carry physical cards or cash. This convenience not only simplifies the payment process but also aligns with the preferences of modern consumers who prioritize ease of use and flexibility. By offering HCE-enabled services, banks can strengthen their relationships with customers, increase satisfaction levels, and foster loyalty.

Competitive Advantage

Implementing HCE technology gives banks a significant competitive advantage in the rapidly evolving digital payments landscape. By offering innovative and modern payment solutions like mobile wallets, banks can differentiate themselves from competitors and attract new customers. Also, HCE allows banks to stay ahead of the curve by meeting the changing needs and expectations of consumers who increasingly prefer mobile-based payment options. This strategic advantage not only enhances the bank's market position but also contributes to long-term growth and sustainability.

Cost Efficiency

HCE technology offers cost-saving opportunities for banks by reducing reliance on physical cards and associated infrastructure. With HCE, banks can streamline card issuance and distribution processes, leading to lower operational expenses. Additionally, the transition to mobile-based payments eliminates the need for costly card replacements and maintenance, further reducing overall costs. By optimizing resources and leveraging digital solutions, banks can achieve greater cost efficiency and allocate savings toward strategic initiatives that drive business growth and innovation.

Operational Efficiency

Embracing HCE technology improves operational efficiency for banks by simplifying payment processes and reducing manual intervention. With HCE-enabled services, transactions can be securely completed in real-time, eliminating the need for manual verification or processing. This not only accelerates transaction speed but also minimizes the risk of errors. Furthermore, HCE streamlines backend operations by consolidating payment data and analytics, providing banks with valuable insights into customer behavior and preferences. By optimizing operational workflows and leveraging digital automation, banks can enhance efficiency, productivity, and overall performance.

Simplified Loyalty Programs

Banks that manage their own wallets or loyalty applications can more easily integrate loyalty programs and offer personalized rewards to customers. This can enhance customer engagement, drive loyalty, and differentiate the bank's services from competitors. Additionally, streamlined loyalty programs can contribute to increased customer retention and satisfaction.

Wrap Up

The development and certification of our HCE solution for Mastercard and Visa on iOS represent a significant milestone in the evolution of mobile payments. By embracing HCE technology, banks can enhance their customer experience, gain a competitive advantage, and achieve cost and operational efficiencies. At ASEE, we're excited to lead the way in revolutionizing mobile payments and empowering banks to thrive in the digital era. Stay tuned for further updates on our progress!

If you require any consultation regarding mobile wallets and the underlying technology, feel free to contact us with zero obligation.

ASEE Product Updates: Q1 2024 Highlights

New In: Authentication

ASEE's mToken has been updated to comply with Apple's new privacy manifest for third-party SDKs. This update is crucial for developers as it offers a clearer view of how third-party SDKs use data, which is essential for maintaining user privacy and securing software dependencies.

Another significant update is the introduction of passwordless authentication. This new feature uses biometrics for identity verification within a mobile application, eliminating the need for passwords. This change not only makes logging in more secure by removing password-related vulnerabilities but also reduces costs and simplifies the user experience. Initially, this feature is available for Windows Login, with plans to extend it to other platforms.

Learn more about passwordless authentication

New In: Trides

The launch of ACS v2.10 marks a significant improvement in the efficiency of 3DS processing. The new version features an optimized database architecture that separates transaction processing from administrative functions, improving processing speed and enhancing reporting capabilities.

Additionally, ASEE has improved its ACS Risk Scoring system by incorporating AI and ML technologies. This enhancement aims to increase the number of frictionless 3DS transactions. This is done by providing a more accurate risk assessment, which helps in approving transactions without sacrificing security.

New In: Mobile Security

In response to emerging mobile threats, the App Protector RASP SDK has been updated to detect and mitigate threats from tools like Shamiko and Magisk. They are usually known for evading root detection and injecting malicious code. This update ensures that mobile applications are protected against these advanced threats.

The App Protector portal has also been improved. It now provides detailed statistics on detected mobile app attacks and introduces new features for easier data export and analysis. Enhanced search and sorting capabilities have been added to streamline the review process.

New In: Social engineering fraud solution

ASEE is excited to introduce yet another security solution: Spoofing Protector. Banks are facing a new challenge in the form of caller ID spoofing scams. The attackers are using a trusted brand as an entryway to the user's personal and financial information. Spoofing Protector terminates unwanted calls and text messages sent by scammers trying to impersonate your reputable company. Although your customers are the ones on the front line, your business is taking a hit as well. Avoid losing customer trust and protect your brand image with Spoofing Protector.

Learn more about Spoofing Protector

Wrap Up

The first quarter of 2024 has been productive for ASEE, with several key updates aimed at enhancing security measures and operational efficiency. These updates not only help organizations improve their security posture but also simplify operations by introducing more efficient and user-friendly authentication methods. As ASEE continues to innovate in the field of cybersecurity, businesses can expect more improvements that will help them protect their digital assets and enhance user experiences.

eBook: Beyond the Basics: A C-Suite Checklist for Banking Security Strategy

To guide you toward developing and maintaining a secure banking security strategy, ASEE offers a detailed security checklist to assist you in the process.

Download ebook

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Mobile Commerce Statistics and Trends You Should Know in 2024

Mobile commerce statistics: General

86.34% of the world's population owns a smartphone in 2024.

This translates to 6.94 billion smartphones. The information alone indicates the potential that mobile commerce holds. Local businesses can easily go global and reach audiences that, until yesterday, seemed to be out of reach.

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance
Between Security and User Experience

The current mobile commerce share within e-commerce sales is 72.9%.

Roughly three-quarters of all online transactions are made with a mobile device. This means that the audience is well-adapted to the mobile commerce landscape. Business owners can only expect higher numbers in the foreseeable future.

It is expected that smartphone commerce will make up 44% of all e-commerce sales in 2024.


Smartphones are anticipated to remain the primary channel for mobile commerce, accounting for more than half of all m-commerce sales in 2024.

Europe and North America will be the frontrunners in mobile commerce revenue between 2020-2025.

North America and Europe will bring the most profit for mobile commerce in terms of revenue. HOwever, Asia-Pacific and the Middle East will contribute by bringing new users to the market.

Global mobile commerce market size is projected to reach $558.29 billion by the end of 2024.

This suggests that global m-commerce sales have doubled since 2019.

Mobile commerce statistics: User behavior

Four out of five smartphone users made a purchase on their mobile device in the past six months.

It shows how new users quickly adapt to the mobile commerce mechanism. Also, its convenience quickly converts them to go mobile in regards to online payments and purchases.

75% of smartphone users make purchases using their mobile phones.

Customers state that mobile shopping saves time and provides convenience in terms of reacting in real-time. However, 90% of users acquainted with mobile commerce mobile  claim there is room for improvement in terms of user experience. 

67% of customers use mobile for window shopping.

The good news for business owners is the fact that 77% of customers who are browsing for fun end up with an actual purchase. An effective SEO strategy for mobile can help you capitalize on these impulse purchases.

51% of mobile shoppers use mobile apps to make purchases.

In terms of mobile commerce, shopping apps are the preferred option by the public; compared to responsive websites optimized for mobile. Consumers state that the user experience is more streamlined due to easier navigation and the personalized approach an m-commerce app holds.

70% of mobile searches end up with an action within a single hour.

For desktop searches, the time to purchase is around 30 days.

Mobile commerce statistics: Challenges

The average cart abandonment rate for mobile is 76.59%.

This information points out that there is still a lot of room for improvement. Revisiting your checkout process from the customer's perspective, offering a variety of payment options, as well as assuring smooth yet secure online payments. These are the key points that need your full attention.

Only 12% of mobile shoppers would describe shopping on responsive mobile websites as ''convenient''.

Intrusive pop-ups, small fonts, unintuitive checkout process, sketchy redirections, and unresponsive design is what can make a mobile web store a user experience disaster. If you're faced with and aware of such issues, optimize your webshop for mobile, having the mentioned issues in mind.

Mobile shoppers are 60% less likely to pay a future visit to a web store in case they had a bad experience in the past.

You get no more than one chance to impress your first time visitors; all while keeping your returning customers satisfied as well. 

42% of customers express concerns in terms of security when shopping on mobile.

To bypass this issue, implement online payment security solutions that assure the security of your customer's transactions while securing your brand reputation.

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance Between Security and User Experience

As a dedicated guide for eCommerce app owners and merchants this eBook covers m-commerce security best practices and provides turnkey solution for in-app payments security. 

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance Between Security and User Experience

To find out more about Trides2 portfolio, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Exploring FinTech and Cybersecurity at Money Motion 2024

The Money Motion Conference 2024, held in Zagreb on March 21 and 22, featured an engaging panel discussion titled "FinTech Cybersecurity - Where is the threat coming from?" Moderated by Viktor Olujić, ASEE Croatia Board member, the panel brought together prominent figures in the cybersecurity landscape:

This panel discussion was a part of the larger Money Motion 2024 conference. The experts discussed current cybersecurity trends and emerging risks within the FinTech sector, highlighting how cyber threats are evolving in complexity and scale.

Highlighted topics included cybersecurity trends and the rise of sophisticated attacks. They emphasized the importance of implementing robust security frameworks and the integration of AI and ML for better threat detection and prompt response. The conversation also touched on the critical role of employee awareness and training, as human error remains a significant vulnerability in cybersecurity.

The panelists shared insights from their experiences with leading tech companies, underscoring the need for continuous adaptation in cybersecurity strategies to keep pace with cybercriminals. They stressed the significance of fostering a security-first culture within organizations and highlighted the technical aspects of modern cyber threats and the necessity of multi-layered defense mechanisms.

The importance of industry-wide collaboration was also a key topic, with discussions on how financial institutions, FinTech companies, and regulatory bodies must work together to enhance payment security and protect customer data through collective efforts. The unique cybersecurity challenges faced by banks in the Balkan region and the importance of regulatory compliance were also discussed.

More on Money Motion 2024

Held in Zagreb, the Money Motion Conference 2024 attracted over 2,500 attendees, including FinTech professionals, industry leaders, innovators, and policymakers. Organized by ASEE, Monri, NEXI, MasterCard, and OTP Banka, the event took place at the Zagreb Fair Convention Center.

The two-day conference featured keynote speeches, panel discussions, workshops, and networking sessions, covering various FinTech topics. Alongside the "FinTech Cybersecurity" panel, sessions on digital banking, blockchain technology, payment systems, and regulatory challenges provided valuable insights into industry trends. Discussions explored how banks use technology to enhance customer experiences, the potential of blockchain to revolutionize payment systems, and the impact of regulatory changes on the FinTech landscape.

The exhibition hall, showcasing products and solutions from over 100 companies, allowed attendees to engage with cutting-edge technologies. Networking opportunities, including dedicated sessions and informal gatherings, facilitated relationship-building and knowledge-sharing.

The conference concluded with a keynote summarizing key takeaways and emphasizing the importance of continued innovation, collaboration, and vigilance against cybersecurity threats.

Wrap Up

The Money Motion Conference 2024 in Zagreb was a resounding success, underscoring the importance of collaboration and innovation in driving the FinTech industry forward. As cybersecurity remains a top priority, events like Money Motion 2024 play a crucial role in shaping a secure and resilient financial ecosystem for the future.

Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Dev's Perspective on Rooting and Root Detection Techniques

What is rooting and rooting detection (Android)?

Root detection refers to the process of identifying whether a mobile device has been rooted or jailbroken. Rooting (on Android devices) or jailbreaking (on iOS devices) is the practice of removing restrictions imposed by the device manufacturer or operating system to gain privileged control over the device's software. This allows users to access system files, customize the device beyond what is typically allowed. Also the user is allowed to install apps that are not available through official app stores.

Why are rooted devices a potential security risk?

Rooting or jailbreaking can pose security risks, as it opens up the device to potential malware, unauthorized access, and other vulnerabilities.

Rooting techniques

Here are some ways attackers might use a rooted or jailbroken device:

  1. Malicious apps: Attackers may create or install malicious applications that exploit the elevated permissions on a rooted device. These apps could steal sensitive information, track user activities, or perform other malicious actions without the user's knowledge.
  2. Privilege escalation attacks: Rooted devices often have vulnerabilities that can be exploited for privilege escalation attacks. Attackers may attempt to exploit these vulnerabilities to gain even higher levels of access, potentially compromising the entire device.
  3. Bypassing security measures: Rooted devices might be able to bypass certain security measures implemented by the operating system or third-party apps. This could include bypassing app permissions, disabling security features, or evading detection mechanisms.
  4. Tampering with system files: Attackers may modify critical system files on a rooted device, leading to instability, crashes, or unauthorized changes to the device's behavior. This can be particularly harmful if the attacker is seeking to disrupt the normal operation of the device.

Some apps and services, especially in the financial and security sectors, may implement root detection mechanisms to identify whether a device is rooted. If a rooted device is detected, certain apps or services may refuse to run or restrict functionality to mitigate potential security concerns.

Root detection is used as a security measure to protect against malicious activities that may occur on rooted or jailbroken devices. Developers often implement root detection in applications to ensure a secure environment for their services.

Dev's perspective on root detection

The following paragraphs bring us a developer's perspective on rooting detection tools. Luka Babić, a Solution Architect in ASEE, reveals tools that bypass root detection solutions, explains how hackers leverage those tools and discusses mobile application security solutions that help prevent rooting-based attacks.

1.     What tools are commonly used to bypass root detection solutions?

Up until recently, Magisk offered MagiskHide functionality which hid the Magisk tool installed on mobile devices from the apps running on the device. From Magisk v24, this functionality was removed, but it was supplemented with various Magisk modules which offered hiding device rooting. Those were Zygisk, Shamiko, and Riru.

2.     Could you explain how these tools manage to bypass rooting detection?

This is an interesting question and the answer would be – there are various techniques being used. The most popular one is to inject malicious code when starting the process related to a particular app on the mobile device and bypass system functions which would, in normal circumstances, enable the mobile application to detect the root being present on a mobile device.

3.     How does ASEE solve this issue? Which mechanisms are used to circumvent bypass tools?

Well, being able to detect rooted devices is a neverending game between hackers and security experts who develop tools for root detection. When possible, one of the options would be to constantly keep up to date on how tools used to root devices work and to catch any breadcrumbs in system behavior which enables us to detect the presence of root on mobile devices. However, sometimes this is not possible because the source code for a particular component that hides the system root is not publicly available. This is the part where it gets quite tricky since the only thing we as security experts are left with is to try to reverse engineer or detect anomalies in system behavior when a particular tool is in action.

4.     Can we beat hackers in this race?

Maybe the right question would be – „Is the possibility of getting there before the hackers even realistic?“. Not sure - because it's up to the hacker's creativity to think of new ways to develop tools that will enable root hiding. The best thing to do is to continuously test and monitor new mechanisms for root hiding, which tend to appear from various channels where hackers usually publish their work related to this topic.

5.     How are we improving our mobile security solutions?

Constant monitoring and PEN test reports are needed for a deep understanding of how a security solution works. We monitor on a quarterly basis new vulnerabilities and new tool versions for bypassing rooting detection. When we find it, we check for a solution on how to detect it and send information to users and clients. Hackers are improving constantly, sometimes new versions are published every week, and sometimes months can pass until the new version.

6.     How can mobile app owners protect their apps and their users?

Vendors of mobile applications always have the option to develop a mechanism for root detection on their own. As good as it sounds at first, it might be a jump to the rabbit hole since this is a neverending endeavor to cover all corner cases that can occur in real life. As already mentioned, there are various ways to detect root and it all needs to be checked on various types of devices which can take up a lot of time and resources and can be costly in the long run.

Wrap up

The dynamic struggle between developers and hackers over root detection underscores a critical cybersecurity battleground. As Luka's insights reveal, the key to safeguarding mobile applications lies in constant monitoring, innovative security strategies, and a deep understanding of both existing and emerging rooting techniques. Developers and app owners must prioritize continuous improvement and collaboration to protect users from the vulnerabilities associated with rooted devices, ensuring a secure and trustworthy digital environment.

Download App Protector SDK

App Protector SDK is a mobile security component built into the application's code enabling runtime protection as well as a variety of mobile application hardening techniques, including jailbreak detection.

Try App Protector Free

To find out more about our App Protector solution, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Top 15 Mobile device security best practices for businesses in 2024

Heightened mobile device security due to WFH

Mobile device security best practices topic has been floating around due to an increase in mobility regarding the remote mode of work. As WFH took over, businesses utilized mobile as a part of their day-to-day operational tasks. With employees accessing the company network remotely; mostly using their mobile devices; IT administrators are tasked to implement mobile device security best practices for businesses.

A report from Owl Labs, reveals the following statistics based on 2050 full-time remote workers:

The numbers say it all. The remote mode of work is here to stay. Businesses have the task of implementing mobile device security best practices in order to protect both their employees and their company.

Try App Protector Free

To provide guidance on which mobile security best practices to keep an eye on, ASEE assembled a list including the top 15 mobile device security best practices for business. Make the most out of your security policies, and make sure to communicate the following mobile security best practices to all of your company's stakeholders.

TOP 15 mobile device security best practices for businesses to keep in mind

Mobile device security best practices for businesses are actionable guidelines on how to protect sensitive data contained on mobile devices. The following mobile security best practices are applicable to both personal use and business environments.  

To achieve a layered approach, enhance the security of mobile devices by utilizing the following mobile security best practices.

1. Implement user authentication

Lost or stolen mobile devices pose a great risk for companies. Combined with the fact that mobile phones come without the set authentication method by default, most users overlook the setup. Smartphones offer three ways of user authentication:

Furthermore, implemented passwords or biometrics should be followed up with continuous employee education regarding the importance of user authentication. When applicable, take a step further and introduce 2FA - an added layer of security packaged in the form of a second authentication factor.

2. Regularly update your mobile devices and apps

Each new OS or application update might contain security patches that resolve known vulnerabilities. Since many of these updates don't happen automatically, they require a manual approach. Overlooking the update of your OS or applications on the device puts the data stored on your devices at risk. Make sure to turn on automatic updates and manually check if your OS and installed applications are up to date.

3. Avoid public Wi-Fi

Free public Wi-Fi comes in handy in case of a bad network connection. However, think twice before hitting connect in your local cafe. A hacker newbie can easily set up a fake Wi-Fi (network spoofing) or intercept the data flowing through a public network. Personal and confidential information going from one device to another can be altered, or there could be a case of eavesdropping. Anyway, the public Wi-Fi network should be avoided if possible. In cases when there are no other options, connecting to your company's VPN would strengthen the security measures.

4. Introduce Password Managers

No matter how many times your company advised you not to keep your passwords on sticky notes, you'll always find a Karen with a pink post-it on her laptop saying ''Karenlovescats1967''. The same goes for your desktop and mobile notes. Don't store your user credentials on unprotected apps. Use a password manager instead. It's basically a book of all of your passwords, stored in a single location, protected by a ''master'' password. It also allows you to generate secure passwords and save yourself from choosing ''password123'' as your weapon of choice. To truly implement mobile security best practices, pair your password manager with an MFA app.

5. Remote lock and data wipe policy

In every BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) agreement, include a remote lock and data wipe policy. This allows the company to delete all of the data on the mobile device remotely or simply lock the device in case it is lost or stolen. Things get uncomfortable because you're giving the company permission to delete all of the data stored on the device, including your personal files. However, a mobile device in the wrong hands could end up in targeting both the company and the individual who lost the phone. In such a case, the decision between losing personal or compromising confidential data seems like an easy one.

6. Utilize Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Application Management (MAM)

Mobile security is one of the main concerns in the IT world today. The main question when it comes to mobile security best practices is as follows; How do we secure the data stored on a remote server from potential security risks? The answer to that question lies in Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Application Management (MAM).

Mobile Device Management enables monitoring, managing, and configuration of the devices your employees use remotely; laptops, mobile devices, and tablets. Mobile Application Management enables monitoring, managing, and configurations of the apps on the aforementioned personal devices.

By combining the two security solutions, you're mitigating the risk of a potential data breach by protecting both devices and applications your employees use on a daily basis. 

7. Don't forget the backup

In case your mobile device is lost or stolen, you'll want a way to access the potentially compromised data. To make things easier for yourself, choose a cloud solution that performs backup automatically. This is how you'll make sure that the retrieved data is as up-to-date as possible. Keep in mind that remote backups are vulnerable to potential attacks. To eliminate such risks, implement appropriate encryption practices.

8. Utilize encryption

Encrypt the data stored on and flowing in and out of your mobile device. VPN is a good solution for this case. Also, avoid submitting and transferring personal and sensitive information if connected to a public Wi-Fi. Threats present include poor end-to-end encryption, Man-in-the-Middle attacks, altering the data in transit, eavesdropping, etc.

9. Disable features when not necessary

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, if enabled, are the entry point for the bad actor. To mitigate the risk of an attack, disable both features when not in use. This way, you're limiting your exposure and minimizing the landscape on which the hacker can operate.

10. Beware of phishing scams

Phishing scams come in the form of an email or an instant message containing a malicious link or attachment. The malicious contents of the email usually skim the data stored on the mobile device and bring them in the hands of the attackers. What happens next is up to them. Consequences range from publishing the data on the dark web, incoming account takeover attacks, ransom requests – the list is pretty long. The content of a phishing email is usually an offer that is too good to be true or an urgent matter requesting user credentials or confidential data. In case the unsuspecting user acts according to instructions, the chances for a security breach are pretty high. Approach such messages with caution and think critically when deciding on your next move.

11. Be mindful of granting permissions

We're all used to granting permission to certain apps upon installing them on our mobile devices. We simply don't put much thought into it. Permissions usually include gaining access to the contacts list, gallery, camera, and authentication methods such as fingerprint or face ID. However, granting permission to access your camera for a Sudoku app doesn't sound legit. Required permission should be backed up by the functionality of the app itself. Next time you install an app, ask yourself the following; What's the least amount of privilege the app should have for it to perform the functions I'm downloading it for?

12. Block untrustworthy mobile apps

Among the common mobile security best practices is the advice only to download mobile apps from the official app marketplaces; Google Play Store for Android, and App Store for iOS. Enterprise mobility management solutions enable your company to select apps they find untrustworthy. This way, the company is eliminating the possibility of an attack by blocking mobile applications that contain known flaws and are a potential threat to the organization.

13. Implement authentication and access management

To makes sure that the person accessing an intranet service is who they claim they are, set up Multi-Factor Authentication. By implementing MFA, you are layering and added security measure by prompting the user to submit two out of three authentication elements:

Access management helps IT admins assign an appropriate role with an appropriate authentication security level to a particular employee. Also, based on the risk conditions and the device's trust, access management enables parameter customization, which decides whether to request MFA or not.

14. Monitor and prevent mobile application threats

In case your company uses own, internal mobile applications for business operations, consider implementing a mobile application security solution. App Protector by ASEE is a mobile application security component designed to monitor, detect and protect the application from mobile security threats. It is based on the Runtime Application Self Protection mechanism, enabling threat responses in real-time. If interested, check out our recent article.

15. Clearly communicate mobile device security best practices and their importance

Regardless if you're a small business or an enterprise, mobile device security best practices should be clearly communicated and security policies set up by the IT staff. Educating all of the company's stakeholders about threats and best practices to mitigate mobile device security risks is vital.

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App Protector SDK is a mobile security component built into the application's code enabling runtime protection as well as a variety of mobile application hardening techniques, including jailbreak detection.

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To find out more about our App Protector solution, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Spoofing Protector Datasheet

Key takeaways:

  • Eliminating financial losses caused by spoofing fraud
  • How Spoofing Protector improves security and user trust
  • Meeting compliance regulations and avoiding related penalties
  • Key Spoofing Protector features

Fill out the form and download the document.

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Mobile Commerce Statistics: The State of mCommerce in 2024

What is mobile commerce?

To start, let's make a short introduction to define mCommerce. Mobile commerce, simply put, is any transaction conducted using a mobile device. This includes online shopping on mobile (both browser and in-app), use of mWallets, mobile banking, crypto wallets, and others. Also ''mobile devices'' include both smartphones and tablets – widely available, convenient devices that are fueling the popularity of mCommerce. This is due to their ability to provide impeccable UX and constant improvements thanks to data available for optimization.

Mobile commerce is proving to be one of the preferred online shopping channels. With Pinterest and Facebook introducing the ''Buy Now'' buttons, and the fast adoption of one-click payments, expectations are high.

To get a sense of the current state of mCommerce, ASEE brings you the most relevant statistics to bear in mind:

Global mCommerce findings

With 6.94 billion smartphones in use today, mCommerce has a lot of ground to cover. The fact that over 86% of the population owns a smartphone in 2024 makes the decision of whether to go mobile with your webshop an easy one. The current state of mobile commerce within global eCommerce is at 72.9%, which is $3.56 trillion. To put things in context, if you take 0,25% of the mCommerce market, it amounts to $8.9 billion.

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance
Between Security and User Experience

If we take the numbers from 2020, we see a 22.3% growth year over year. What's also exciting is the average y-o-y growth rate since 2016 being at a high 33.8%

Moreover, expected leaders in the mCommerce market for the period 2021 – 2024, bringing the most profits, are Europe and North America. Also, Asia Pacific and Middle East will play an enormous role in bringing more users to the market.

User behavior on mobile

Mobile devices are an integral part of our daily routine. From waking up to the sound of our alarm to falling asleep after checking our social media, smartphones are everpresent. With accelerated digitalization, mobile plays an important role as one of the best channels to reach potential customers. And there are strong numbers to support that claim. Four out of five smartphone users made a purchase using their mobile devices.

Regarding the purchases, users are more willing to take the time to download a shopping app instead of checking goods through the browser. Approximately 70% of consumers download a merchant app. And for good reasons – additional features within the mobile application really do make a difference when it comes to the User Experience. Coupon offers, nearby stores, loyalty programs, variety of payment methods –  are just some of the perks mobile enables to your customers.

Also, 67% of customers use mobile to window-shop. What's more interesting is that 77% of those who decided to do some browsing for a fun end up with an actual purchase. This means that a merchant app/web store with quality SEO can easily capitalize on customers who are ''just looking''.

77% of customers who decide to do some window-shopping for fun, end up with an actual purchase.

Mobile commerce pays off – both ways

Shopping is undoubtedly the fastest-growing mobile application category with 54% y-o-y growth. This beats popular categories such as finance and entertainment. For more context, the average growth per category is 6%.

Furthermore, mobile app users spend 20x more time in-app during shopping and view 4.2x more products within a single session in comparison to desktop users. Since mobile apps allow more freedom regarding UX, it is no wonder that mobile apps have conversion rates 3x higher than the ones for mobile browser web stores.

Another perk of having a merchant app is the conversion window. The conversion window for 70% of mobile searches is less than one hour. To clarify, 70% of mobile commerce-related searches end up with a purchase within a single hour. For context, desktop users, on average, need a full month to come to a buying decision. This is a clear sign to you, as a merchant, to start drafting or optimizing your mobile application.

70% of mobile commerce related searches end up with a purchase within a single hour. Desktop users, on the other hand, take a whole month to finalize a purchase.

Room for mCommerce improvement

The opportunities for leveraging mobile are numerous. So, to successfully incorporate mobile into your business strategy, be aware of the need for constant result tracking and optimization of your mobile web store.

One of the most concerning figures in mobile is cart abandonment. Cart abandonment rates within mobile commerce are at an alarming 76.59%. The same data for desktop counts 73%. The reason for such discouraging numbers is poor optimization for web stores on mobile browsers. Issues such as slow loading time, redirection during checkout, screen size issues, and mandatory registration tend to frustrate the customer to the point of abandoning the shopping cart. Having to zoom in or zoom out in order to navigate the checkout process doesn't help the user experience either.

For these reasons, only 12% of customers would describe their mobile shopping experience as ''convenient''. This leads us to the following: a single bad experience with a brand during a mobile purchase leads to 60% of consumers never returning to the store again. When it comes to digital, you get no more than one chance to impress your customers. Today's average mobile shopper lacks patience and raises alarm bells when facing the smallest  inconveniences. Always be on the lookout for new optimization opportunities by examining use behavior on your app or web store.

Another step crucial for the conversion to happen is the checkout process. 55% of customers abandon their shopping cart when they have to fill out their credentials, credit card information, or shipping information during the checkout process. There is a number of reasons for this scenario. From poor UX to security-related matters, customers are more likely to abandon a mobile purchase compared to a desktop one. 42% of customers show concern when talking about mobile payment security. Nowadays, customers are well informed about security best practices  - make sure to address any concerns they might have in the form of additional dialogue windows or chatbots.

Cart abandonment rates within mCommerce are at an alarming 76.59%.

Role of Trides within mobile commerce

Trides portfolio consists of online payments security solutions, covering issuers, acquirers, payment gateway service providers, and of course, the merchants. A Trides solution, developed with mobile payments in mind, the 3DS Mobile SDK, enables merchants to both benefit from and contribute to the 3D Secure ecosystem. The SDK is built in the merchant's app and collects transaction data which is used for risk scoring, a pillar for frictionless authentication and one-click transactions.

The 3DS Mobile SDK solution contributes to the unified look and feel of the checkout process within the merchant's app, eliminates friction, and secures your revenue by preventing payment fraud such as account takeover. Also, the SDK has the capacity to detect and prevent mobile application threats, including hooking, debugging, jailbreak/root detection, emulator fraud, and screen recording. It monitors the application in real-time and notifies the end-user in case an anomaly is detected.

One of the main benefits the SDK provides to merchants is the improved mobile payment User Experience. By implementing 3DS Mobile SDK, the entire checkout process is happening in the application itself. Sketchy browser redirects and handling multiple applications at once are no longer an issue. A unified, streamlined checkout process decreases the dreaded cart abandonment rate, which is one of the top challenges for merchants regarding mobile.

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance Between Security and User Experience

As a dedicated guide for eCommerce app owners and merchants this eBook covers m-commerce security best practices and provides turnkey solution for in-app payments security. 

eCommerce Apps Guide: Striking a Balance Between Security and User Experience

To find out more about Trides2 portfolio, contact us or visit our blog section.  

2024 Mobile Application Security Trends

For mobile application security experts, ensuring the security of mobile devices and mobile applications is a top priority. However, developers and mobile users still have room to improve in the field of mobile application security as the threats landscape is growing larger by the day. While the end user can take some steps in order to protect sensitive data on their device, such as avoiding unprotected public Wi-Fi and setting up multi-factor authentication - for developers, a more complex task lies ahead.

Cyberattacks today are highly sophisticated and demand constant monitoring due to a large number of unknown or emerging threats. Such threats require additional attention in order to develop a detection and prevention solution that will hinder the attacker's chances of making further progress. So, the keywords that need to be in mind are a proactive approach to mobile application security, as well as being alert in order to suppress emerging threats efficiently.

Mobile application security trends:

  1. Leveraging AI to scale social engineering attacks targeting mobile
  2. Mobile app phishing attacks through fake push notifications
  3. Growing reliance on monitoring threat data
  4. Stringent regulations for mobile security and geo-compliance matters

Top 4 Mobile Application Security Trends in 2024

1. Leveraging AI to Scale Social Engineering Attacks Targeting Mobile

With the advancement of artificial intelligence, cybercriminals are increasingly turning to AI-powered tools to orchestrate sophisticated social engineering attacks targeting mobile users. These attacks often involve highly convincing and personalized messages designed to deceive users into disclosing sensitive information or downloading malicious apps.

As AI continues to evolve, it becomes crucial for security professionals to deploy advanced AI-driven detection and mitigation techniques to evade such attacks effectively. This is done by protecting both the mobile app's front-end and back-end. In such instances, RASP technology has proven to be a trustworthy ally for mobile app protection by triggering a notification warning or terminating the mobile app at once in case a suspicious activity is detected.

2. Mobile App Phishing Attacks Through Fake Push Notifications

Phishing attacks targeting mobile applications have taken a deceptive turn with the rise of fake push notifications. Cybercriminals mimic legitimate app notifications to lure users into clicking malicious links or providing login credentials, thereby gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data.

To counter this trend, developers should implement secure push notification mechanisms, utilize two-factor authentication, and conduct regular security audits. Educating users about the risks associated with unsolicited push notifications and advising them to verify sender information is crucial. App permission controls, monitoring for anomalies, and updating the app regularly help maintain a strong defense against evolving threats.

Mobile application security toolkit: The three
pillars of anti-tampering for mobile apps

3. Growing Reliance on Monitoring Threat Data for Crafting a Mobile Application Security Strategy

In 2024, the importance of real-time monitoring and analysis of threat data cannot be overstated in crafting an effective mobile application security strategy. By continuously monitoring threat intelligence feeds and analysing data from security incidents, organizations can proactively identify emerging threats and vulnerabilities specific to mobile applications. This proactive approach enables timely patching of vulnerabilities and the implementation of targeted security controls to fortify mobile app defences against evolving cyber threats.

As mentioned, cyber criminals are moving forward, and they are fast. They are constantly inventing all kinds of different tools to hook or root user devices to overcome basic settings and gain as much information, in the shortest amount of time. This is why our engineers constantly track new hacking tools that can manipulate user behavior within the app, and we are developing ways to overcome this challenge. Such mechanisms are included in our core RASP functionalities.

4. Stringent Regulations for Mobile Security and Geo-Compliance Matters

The regulatory landscape surrounding mobile application security will witness a significant shift in 2024, with governments and regulatory bodies imposing stringent requirements to enhance data protection and privacy in mobile apps. Compliance with geo-specific regulations tends to get complicated because you, as an app maker, will have to make sure that the mobile application complies with the different regulations of all the countries where your app is in use. There are three elements in particular when discussing geo-compliance:

We are aiming not only to protect actions that happen while using the app but also, we want to protect the original source code and alarm our clients if their app is being compromised. Cybercriminals can manipulate the app in all kinds of ways, like creating fake user accounts, changing features within the app, or transferring money to different destinations. They can change your location, manipulate discounts you have in the app, etc. Protecting the code is one of the basic and most sophisticated methods to protect intellectual property. This method masks the code and makes it unreadable to the attacker. In this way, the attackers must come up with more innovative methods and invest much more time to gain information.

App Protector by ASEE

App Protector is a mobile application security mechanism specifically designed with mobile application security in mind, seamlessly integrating with the mobile app's runtime environment. The solution contains powerful features that detect and prevent fraud at an early stage and protect against real-time attacks. With App Protector, you have complete control over the execution of your application, ensuring that it stays safe from a variety of threats, including emulator attacks, jailbreak/root detection, debugging, screen recording, and hooking attacks.

passwordless authentication

eBook: Mobile application security toolkit

Learn more about mobile security threats landscape and what are the three key pillars of anti-tampering for mobile. A detailed look at code obfuscation, integrity checking and Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP).

eBook: Mobile application security toolkit

To find out more about our App Protector solution, contact us or visit our blog section.  

Caller ID Spoofing: What is it and how to avoid it? 

The practice involves falsifying the information that appears on your phone's caller ID display to make it look like someone else is calling. In this post, we'll explain what Caller ID Spoofing is, its various types, and why it can lead to devastating losses. We'll cover common spoofing scam examples and provide tips on how to avoid them. In case you suspect you've been a victim of a spoofing attack, we'll also equip you with steps to take in order to avoid or minimize the damage. Read on and stay safe! 

Understanding Caller ID Spoofing 

The concept of caller ID spoofing involves the manipulation of call receiver perception by displaying false phone numbers. In the case of a scam, the goal to conceal the scammer's true identity. It can also enhance their appearance when impersonating a well-known institution, such as a bank.   

Picture this – you've received a call, and the displayed number indicates that it is coming from your bank. You answer the phone only to get a cold shower – your account has been hacked, and the person on the other end is demanding urgent action from your side. You need to prove your identity by revealing sensitive information to the person on the call. Without much hesitation, you follow every given instruction. As the call ends, you check your bank account only to find out that everything looks normal. Only then do you realize that the person on the call was the true scammer and you need to protect your bank account ''all over again''. 

The scam described above is a vishing (voice phishing) scam, and attackers often include caller ID spoofing in order to appear more credible to the victim. By seeing a familiar number on your phone display, they have already earned your trust – the one action scammers are betting on is getting you to answer that call.  

The Many Types of Spoofing 

Spoofing can take on many forms, and each one comes with a unique set of security risks and challenges. Among the most common ones are email spoofing, website spoofing, SMS spoofing, and caller ID spoofing. The following paragraphs will give you a good idea about how each of them works.  

Email Spoofing 

Email spoofing, a deceptive tactic often combined with phishing attacks, involves the sending of emails with fake sender addresses. Scammers utilize this method to impersonate reputable entities, such as financial institutions, in order to deceive recipients into revealing sensitive data or clicking on malicious links. This activity can result in unauthorized access to personal and financial information. Warning signs, such as unexpected requests for sensitive information, demanding urgent action from the victim's side, and spelling errors are frequently present in spoofed emails. 

Find out more about the dangers of phishing attacks in our recent blog post.  

Website Spoofing 

Online scammers engage in website spoofing by creating deceptive websites that mimic legitimate ones. Their goal? Tricking the visitors into revealing sensitive information, of course. This fraudulent tactic poses significant risks to online security and consumer protection, as unsuspecting individuals disclose personal or financial details by willingly typing them into fake website forms.  

SMS Spoofing 

SMS spoofing allows scammers to alter the sender's information, often including links to phishing websites or scam content. Scammers use this method for various types of fraud and social engineering schemes, making the texts appear to be from known contacts to enhance credibility – smishing attacks. Being alert at all times is crucial when dealing with text messages to avoid falling victim to such scams. 

Caller ID or Phone Spoofing 

Caller ID spoofing is used by scammers to manipulate caller IDs by altering displayed information and making calls seem local, familiar. It's a way for scammers to increase the likelihood of successful deception and potential unauthorized access to sensitive data. In cases where victims reveal sensitive and financial information, the consequences can be devastating.  

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Spoofing Protector Datasheet

Find out how Spoofing Protector detects and prevents malicious inbound calls and text messages targeting your customers.

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4 signs of phone spoofing to be aware of 

Now that you know what caller ID spoofing is, you might wonder ''How can I avoid spoofed calls and protect myself from falling victim''. Keep an eye out for the following red flags:  

1. Check the call number 

The name displayed on your phone screen might be familiar, but what about the number the call is coming from? If you feel that the number does not match the displayed name – the chances of a spoofed call are pretty high.  

2. Pre-recorded messages 

Robocalls are also a means for attackers to scale their efforts at scamming victims. If you receive a call with an automated message demanding you to follow instructions, type certain numbers, or answer yes or no questions, simply hang up. Treat it as a spam call – better safe than sorry.  

3. Urgent matters 

The scammers want to cloud your judgment by putting you in a stressful situation. Claiming your bank account is under a hacker attack seems pretty stressful to me. When they get you in a state of fear and panic, they can easily manipulate you into following their orders. So, beware of requests that require urgent action from your side, and think twice about who might be on the other side of the call.  

4. Sketchy display names 

Subtle differences in how the contact name appears on your display matter. For example, if you know that the contact is saved as Anne Roberts, and the incoming call is coming from ''Annie Roberts'' – it's probably a scam.  

Reporting Caller ID Spoofing 

If you suspect caller ID spoofing, report the incident to the local authorities and provide detailed information about the call, including the caller's number, date, and time. Reporting spoofing attempts is crucial, as it helps authorities track and prevent fraudulent activities. Additionally, contact your phone service provider to report suspicious calls or unauthorized access, and be proactive in reporting spoofing attempts to protect others from falling victim. 

What Should You Do if You've Been Spoofed? 

If you suspect you're a spoofing victim, act quickly. Contact your phone service provider, change passwords and access codes, report the incident to authorities, inform financial institutions, and remain alert for further fraudulent activity. 

Caller ID Spoofing FAQ

In case you're getting phone calls that claim you've been calling them and you have no recollection of such events, your phone number is likely spoofed. 

Fairly easy. Spoofing tools can legally be downloaded for free, and this is what makes these types of attacks extremely simple to conduct.  

It depends. The law prohibits users from sending misleading or inaccurate caller ID information with the intent to defraud, cause harm, impersonate, or wrongly obtain anything of value. 

Although caller ID spoofing is predominantly used by scammers, there are a few legitimate use cases, such as law enforcement and journalists using spoofing in order to conceal their identity, location, or phone number.  

Neighbour spoofing is a deceitful tactic used by scammers to up their chances of getting you to pick up the phone call. They do it by making the incoming call's display number very similar to yours. E.g., if your phone number is +222 222 222, you can receive a call from +222 222 223.  

HOW CAN ASEE HELP? 

Are you experiencing issues with social engineering attempts targeting your clients? We'll gladly offer guidance and help you protect your business and your customers.

eBook: Spoofing Protection for Combating Vishing and Smishing Fraud in the Banking Sector

If you're struggling to prevent vishing and smishing fraud targeting your customers, this eBook will help you make informed decisions regarding social engineering fraud. Download the ebook to learn how Spoofing Protector detects and prevents mentioned attacks.

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Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out. 

Jingle Bells or Alarm Bells? 10 Tips for Safe Holiday Shopping

The festive season brings joy, cheer, and the thrill of online shopping! But among the excitement, scammers also gear up to take advantage and hustle. Whether it's fake websites, sneaky phishing attempts, or counterfeit gift cards, staying safe during holiday online shopping requires a cautious approach. Here are ten tips to help you secure your holiday shopping experience:

1. Secure Sites Only!

Stick to well-known and reputable websites. Check for the padlock symbol and "https://" in the URL before making any purchases. For instance, watch out for websites like "Amaz0n" or "eBae" that mimic the names of popular platforms.

2. Beware of Spoofed Calls and Emails

Scammers often pose as customer service representatives claiming issues with your orders. Smishing and fishing fraud spikes during the holiday season. Don't give out personal information or click on suspicious links. Instead, directly contact the retailer through official channels if you have any doubts.

3. Ho, Ho, Hold Off on Public Wi-Fi

Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks for shopping. Hackers can intercept your data. Opt for a secure and private connection, like your home Wi-Fi or a trusted VPN.

4. There's No Such Thing As a Free Gift Card

Be cautious of discounted or free gift cards from unfamiliar sources. Scammers entice victims with too-good-to-be-true deals. Stick to buying gift cards directly from retailers' websites or authorized sellers.

5. Ho, Ho, Hover Over Links

Phishing emails often contain links that seem legitimate but redirect you to malicious sites. Hover your mouse over links to preview the URL before clicking. If it looks fishy, don't take the bait!

6. Wrap Up Your Passwords

Use strong and unique passwords for each online retailer. Consider using a password manager to keep track of them securely. Or even better, wrap up your passwords and put them away forever by switching to passwordless!

7. Light Up Multi-Factor Authentication

Activate multi-factor authentication wherever possible. This adds an extra step, like a verification code sent to your phone, making it harder for scammers to access your accounts.

8. 'Tis the Season for Updates

Keep your devices and antivirus software updated. Regular updates often include security patches that can fend off cyber grinches trying to steal your information.

9. Santa’s List: Check Your Bank Statements

Regularly review your bank and credit card statements. Look out for any suspicious transactions, no matter how small. Report anything out of the ordinary immediately.

10. Trust Your Instincts, Not Random Ads

Be wary of flashy pop-up ads or offers that seem too good to be true. If a deal seems overly discounted or sketchy, it's likely a trap.

Remember, while the holiday spirit is contagious, so is online fraud! Stay secure and apply these tips to keep your online shopping ride smooth and safe. Wishing you happy and secure holidays!

Contemporary Cyber Challenges in Focus of “Alert” Conference: From Cyber Warfare to Phishing Threats and New Legislation

Another “Alert” conference on cybersecurity was successfully held in Zagreb, gathering more than 200 accredited cybersecurity experts from Croatia and the region and providing insight into the latest challenges in this area. The conference presented top speakers from seven countries and topics that sparked significant discussions during this day-long event.

The conference was opened by Igor Gržalja, CEO of ASEE Croatia, the conference's organizer, pointing out: "We believe in creating a community that cooperates and shares knowledge and experience to face cyber challenges jointly. I am proud to witness today not only the creation of such a community but also its expansion. The world of cybersecurity is extremely dynamic, and I see those of us gathered here as protectors of the digital present and future; I believe that, as such, we have a responsibility not only to keep up but also to be one step ahead of potential threats.”

The keynote speaker for the first part of the conference was Oren Elimelech, renowned international cybersecurity expert and CEO of CyberTeam360, with a challenging lecture entitled "A New Era of Cyber Warfare". One of the key topics was the in-depth analysis of fraud and behavior in the fight against phishing, presented by Andrea Jelavić Šako and Dubravko Kovačić from ASEE. Gabor Hirsch from Thales shed additional light on the topic, covering the new legislation focusing on the NIS2 directive. Martina Dragičević from A1 continued with this topic in her presentation, referring to the new legislation focusing on Croatia on the cyber horizon of the European Union. Tom Vazdar from Riskoria talked about cyberpsychology, emphasizing the need to understand the human factor in security threats and the importance of continuous education in the field of cyber security, while David Capezza from Visa talked about the future of secure payments. 

The afternoon part of the conference began with the second keynote speech named "Mobile Threats and Fraud: Will it Disrupt Cybersecurity?" by Dutch expert Eward Driehuis of ThreatFabric. The topic was also covered by Domagoj Ciković and Željka Jurić from ASEE, referring to the second aspect of mobile application security with the presentation "The Terrifying Reality of Attacks on Mobile Devices", while their colleague Luka Babić talked about the latest trends in quantum cryptography.

Panel discussions, moderated by ASEE experts Robert Preskar and Goran Marković, brought in-depth insights into topics such as the challenges of SaaS in the banking industry and the fight against social engineering fraud, which is increasingly targeting companies and their employees. The panelists included representatives of local and regional banks and companies – Lorenzo Villa from the Italian Credem Bank, Filip Pažin from Raiffeisen Bank, Danijel Miletić from HPB, Draženko Kopljar from PBZ, Saša Lončarić from Podravska banka, Ivan Hećimović from Zagrebačka banka, Ivica Gjorgjevski from Stopanska banka AD – Skopje and an experienced cyber security expert Alen Beganović from Ethernaut.

CrowdStrike's representative, Alexander Kriechbaum, shared his insights into reducing cybersecurity risks and tactics to ‘fool’ your opponent. Perica Šimundić from ASEE talked about understanding and ways to prevent DDoS attacks, while Damir Popović and Stipe Sumić from IT Sistemi presented experiences in protecting documents and business information stored in them Dubravko Hlede from MbCom Technologies talked about the necessity of a zero-trust approach in cyber security. 

"I am extremely pleased that the “Alert” conference, which we are organizing for the third year in a row, has proven to be a top event that provides a deeper insight into the latest trends, challenges, and solutions in the field of cyber security. We have managed to emphasize the importance of raising awareness of cyber threats through numerous topics that we have managed to open, with special emphasis on the need for continuous education, but also the preparation of companies for modern cyber challenges," concluded Viktor Olujić, member of the management board of ASEE Croatia, who closed the conference. 

In addition to ASEE as the conference organizer, this year, “Alert” was supported through partnerships by other reputable companies – CrowdStrike, Thales, Alfatec, Exclusive Networks, MbCom Technologies, and Visa.

Smishing and Vishing: Banking Fraud Prevention

In this blog, we will discuss everything you need to know about smishing and vishing. What are they exactly, how do they work, and most importantly, how can you protect your bank and your customers. We will also explore the rise of smishing and vishing in banking fraud, the mechanics of these attacks, and strategies to combat them effectively. So, whether you're a banking expert or a customer looking for ways to stay safe online, read on. You'll learn more about how you can protect yourself from these threats.

Understanding Smishing and Vishing

In the realm of banking fraud, social engineering attacks come in various forms, including smishing and vishing. These crafty tactics specifically target individuals' personal and financial information, often through phone calls or text messages. Fraudsters skillfully employ social engineering techniques to instill a false sense of urgency, tricking unsuspecting victims into divulging private details. It is imperative for individuals to remain vigilant and refrain from sharing any sensitive data. However, there are solutions that can help financial institutions remove human error from the equation.

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Smishing vs. Vishing

Smishing occurs via text messages, often containing fraudulent links and malware to compromise mobile devices. These links usually lead the victim to a website containing a form. This form demands the user to enter sensitive data, which lands in the hands of the attacker.

What makes smishing exceptionally convenient for the attackers are the stats. Scammers are betting on the likelihood of the SMS being open and read. So here are a few reasons why text messages are among top distribution channels for cybercriminals (Techjury):

Vishing involves deceptive calls or automated voice messages aiming to extract sensitive information through phone calls. The attacker often demands credit card numbers, dynamically generated OTPs, or other types of sensitive information that help them commit fraudulent activities.

The Challenge of Smishing and Vishing in Banking Fraud

What makes smishing and vishing attempts more of a challenge than they already are is the attacker's ability to present the number of the incoming call or SMS as if it's coming directly from the bank. This happens through spoofing tools which are fairly easy to use and highly available to cybercriminals. As there are many forms of social engineering fraud, there are also many forms of spoofing used for fraud purposes. Closely connected to smishing and vishing attacks is caller ID spoofing.

To the average bank client, an incoming call from a familiar phone number does not pose a threat. As the displayed phone number is coming from a trustworthy source, it makes the attacker's job that much easier. Unfortunately, there is no security awareness training that can equip the bank's end users with the tools to recognize if caller ID spoofing is present. However, there is a solution that helps prevent this scenario from happening altogether – spoofing protection.

Business Consequences of Smishing and Vishing in Banking

The damages connected to smishing and vishing attacks include serious financial and reputational consequences. Also, there is a risk of a sharp decrease in customer satisfaction.

Financial consequences refer to the bank's liability for fraud. The latest PSD3 directive states that banks that don't have appropriate security mechanisms in place are liable for all fraud happening through social engineering attempts.

Reputational consequences – you don't need to be an expert to figure out which banks are being targeted the most. The high volumes of fraudulent calls and messages speak for themselves. This can easily become a topic among your existing and potential clients that will later question your ability to protect them.

Customer satisfaction – countless calls in the name of the bank from unknown numbers are going to affect your customer satisfaction metrics. This could lead them to switch ship, causing further damage to your bottom line. 

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How Can Banks Stay One Step Ahead of Smishing and Vishing Attacks?

We mentioned earlier that there is another layer to smishing and vishing risks within the banking sector. That threat includes caller ID spoofing to make the calls/messages look like the ones that are registered as the bank's official phone numbers. Relying purely on security awareness training would also prove to be insufficient. The end users would have to perform due diligence through multiple steps that require higher levels of technical knowledge. Also, with the increasing volume of smishing and phishing attempts, expecting the users to check every unknown number would simply be naive.

The solution lies in spoofing protection. An SDK integrated with the mBanking application capable of terminating the call and warning both the user and the bank about potential fraudulent activity. Let's see what this would look like in action.

Spoofing protection flow for vishing attempts

The following flow is a simplified version of communication between the Spoofing Protector SDK, Spoofing Protector backend, mBanking application, and the bank's anti-fraud system in case of a vishing attack, including a spoofed phone number.

  1. The user is about to receive a call with a spoofed caller ID number.
  2. In case the incoming call is coming from a legitimate bank, the user will receive a push notification containing information about the incoming call.
  3. Spoofing protector SDK intercepts the call and collects caller info.
  4. The SDK compares the actual phone number details with the predefined list of the bank's official phone numbers.
  5. In case the caller number is on the official list, SDK sends a request to the backend system to resolve if the call is coming from the bank.
  6. The bank's call center system returns a list of all possible callers with required data (caller phone number, call initiation time, user called, current status, etc.)
  7. The spoofing backend system resolves if the incoming call is coming from the bank, and there are a few possible scenarios:
    • The call is initiated from the Bank, and this means that the caller status is active in the call center, and a specific user has really received a call from this caller.
    • The call is not initiated from the Bank, and the caller status in the call center is not active, so there is suspected fraud.
    • The call is not initiated from the Bank, and the caller status is active, but the user Identifier from the mobile application and the user that is called from the call center are not the same, so the user is under suspected fraud.
  8. According to the resolved status of the caller, the backend system informs SDK whether the call is initiated from the Bank or not.
  9. In case the call is not coming from the Bank, SDK will try to terminate the call and inform Spoofing Protector backend services, which will notify the Bank’s Anti-fraud system about the termination status.

How can ASEE help?

Are you experiencing issues with social engineering attempts targeting your clients? We'll gladly offer guidance and help you protect your business and your customers. Feel free to contact us – zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities For Mobile And How To Prevent Them

In this blog, we will discuss the importance of OWASP within security and take a detailed look at the OWASP Top 10 Mobile Vulnerabilities. We'll cover everything from insecure communication to code manipulation and provide you with prevention measures to secure your mobile applications. Additionally, we will explore how you can enhance your mobile security using OWASP resources such as the Mobile Testing Guide and Mobile Application Security Verification Standard. Learn how the OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities for Mobile can be a helpful tool when it comes to developing secure and reliable mobile apps.

Understanding OWASP and its Importance

OWASP, the Open Web Application Security Project, is a crucial resource for developers and security professionals to ensure the security of mobile applications. By following the OWASP guidelines and best practices, developers can identify potential risks and vulnerabilities in mobile apps, protecting sensitive data and mitigating risks. The OWASP top 10 mobile vulnerabilities highlights key security risks that need to be addressed. It is an essential framework for maintaining the security of mobile devices and safeguarding against improper use and unauthorized access. Mobile app developers and security professionals should consider OWASP an important part of their security strategy.

Difference between OWASP Lists for Web and Mobile Apps

While OWASP top 10 for web applications focuses on vulnerabilities specific to web-based platforms, the OWASP top 10 for mobile applications addresses mobile-specific vulnerabilities. It takes into account the technical perspective of mobile risks and highlights the risks associated with mobile app usage while also covering security controls for web applications.

Detailed Look at OWASP Mobile Top 10 Mobile Vulnerabilities

The OWASP top 10 mobile vulnerabilities encompass a wide range of security risks for mobile applications. Understanding and addressing these mobile application security vulnerabilities is crucial for developers in order to ensure the security of their mobile apps. OWASP top 10 mobile vulnerabilities provides a comprehensive checklist for implementing necessary security controls and is a helpful tool for mobile developers aiming to protect their mobile apps.


the ultimate mobile application security checklist

eBook: The Ultimate Mobile Application Security Checklist

Stay on the right track while building a secure mobile application with our ultimate mobile application security checklist. Follow our best practices and ensure your mobile apps and their users are well protected.

eBook: The Ultimate Mobile Application Security Checklist

1.    Improper credential usage

Inadequate credential management occurs due to credentials misuse or hardcoded credentials. The following indicates that your mobile app might be at risk:

To mitigate such vulnerabilities, you should secure user credentials storage, transmission, and authentication.

  1. When transmitting user credentials, make sure that the credentials are encrypted.
  2. Avoid using credentials storage on the device itself. Opt for revokable access tokens, which are more secure.
  3. Apply robust user authentication protocols.
  4. Keep API keys and tokens up to date by regularly rotating and updating them.

2.    Inadequate supply chain security

The possibility of being vulnerable to inadequate supply chain security grows higher in cases where the mobile app is developed by third-party developers or relies on third-party components and libraries. Reasons why such mobile apps can be vulnerable are the following:

The following steps can ensure prevention of the ''inadequate supply chain vulnerabilities'':

  1. Make sure that secure coding practices, testing, and code review are implemented throughout the entire mobile app's development lifecycle. This way, you're able to both identify and mitigate mobile application security vulnerabilities accordingly.
  2. Make sure the app signing and distribution are secure in order to disable attackers from distributing malicious code.
  3. Reduce vulnerability risks by relying solely on trusted and verified third-party components or libraries.
  4. Set up security measures for app updates, patches, and releases to block attackers from exploiting any app weaknesses.
  5. Stay vigilant by using security testing, scanning, or similar methods to spot and respond to supply chain security issues promptly.

3.    Insecure Authentication/Authorization

To combat such vulnerabilities, understanding that there is a clear technical difference between authentication and authorization is crucial. To simplify, authentication is responsible for identifying the individual, while authorization checks if the authenticated individual has sufficient permissions to conduct a specific action. This leads the conclusion that authorization needs to happen immediately after the user authentication request.

When mobile apps are in question, the following indicates weak authentication:

4.    Insufficient Input/Output Validation

Insufficient validation of data coming from outside sources, like user inputs or network data, within a mobile app can create serious security weaknesses. Mobile apps that don't properly check and clean such data are open to attacks that specifically target mobile platforms.  An example of such an attack would be SQL injection.

These weaknesses can lead to harmful outcomes, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, app manipulation, and potential compromise of the mobile system.

Lacking proper validation of output can cause corrupt data or vulnerabilities in how the information is shown, allowing malicious individuals to insert malicious code or alter sensitive information displayed to the users.

5.    Insecure Communication

Communication through mobile usually includes data transfer from point A to point B. In case the communication is intercepted and there is no sufficient security in place, hackers can easily access the data. The severity of the issues rises with the sensitivity of the data contents. If the transferred data includes sensitive user information, passwords, account details, or encryption – the breach could lead to serious consequences for the business and the app's users.

6.    Inadequate Privacy Controls

Inadequate Privacy Controls Vulnerability is closely connected to the PII – Personally Identifiable Information. Generally, such information can be leaked, manipulated, or blocked (destroying data or blocking access to data). Common examples of PII include:

In case an attacker gains insight into the user's PII, they can easily impersonate the user whose PII is leaked and commit fraudulent actions. If the attacker has the victim's credit card information, they can inflict serious financial damage on the victim. Another way of profiting from PII is blackmailing the victim and demanding a ransom.

7.    Insufficient Binary Protection

Attackers targeting mobile app binaries can have multiple drivers. As the binary holds valuable information, the attackers might be looking for a variety of things:

Apart from gathering information, attackers might manipulate app binaries to gain access to paid features without payment or bypass other security measures. The worst scenario is that well-known apps can be altered to include malicious code and then distributed through third-party app stores or under a different name to deceive users. A common attack involves altering payment identifiers in an app, repackaging it, and distributing it through app stores. When users unknowingly download this unauthorized version and make a payment, the attacker receives funds.

8.    Security Misconfiguration

Security misconfiguration in mobile apps occurs when permissions, security settings, and controls are improperly set up, resulting in unauthorized access and vulnerabilities. Those who exploit these misconfigurations aim to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or execute malicious actions. Threat agents could include someone with physical access to the device or a malicious app exploiting these misconfigurations to perform unauthorized actions within the vulnerable application context.

9.    Insecure Data Storage

Insecure data storage in mobile apps poses a risk of exposing sensitive information. The OWASP top 10 mobile vulnerabilities highlight these risks and emphasize the importance of protecting personal data. Mitigating this risk involves implementing encryption mechanisms and secure data storage practices. Developers can refer to the OWASP mobile application security vulnerabilities checklist to implement necessary security controls for data storage.

10.  Insufficient Cryptography

Implementing encryption mechanisms is crucial for protecting sensitive data in mobile applications. The OWASP top 10 mobile vulnerabilities address the risks associated with the lack of cryptography. By following the OWASP mobile vulnerabilities checklist, developers can ensure the use of secure encryption algorithms, thereby safeguarding data storage and communication. Proper implementation of cryptography measures is an important aspect of mobile app security.

Enhancing Mobile Application Security with OWASP Top 10 Mobile Resources

Enhancing mobile app security is crucial in today's digital landscape. To achieve this, leveraging OWASP resources is essential. OWASP provides valuable tools, guidance, and best practices for securing mobile apps. By incorporating these resources, developers can mitigate vulnerabilities and enhance the overall security of their mobile apps. Utilizing OWASP resources is a proactive step towards building robust and secure mobile applications.

The OWASP Mobile Application Security Testing Guide (MASTG)

Enhance your app security testing practices with the guidance of the OWASP Mobile Application Security Testing Guide. This comprehensive framework provides a structured approach for evaluating the security of mobile apps. By following this guide, you can perform thorough security assessments, identify vulnerabilities, and take necessary measures to protect your app and sensitive data. Stay proactive in ensuring the security of your mobile apps by leveraging the OWASP Mobile Testing Guide.

Leverage the OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard (MASVS)

Mobile Application Security Verification Standard (MASVS) by OWASP is the industry standard concerning mobile application security. The goal of MASVS is to provide developers and software architects with a framework allowing them to produce high-quality, secure mobile apps. Also, it enables security testers to make sure that the test results are consistent and complete.

Are Your Mobile Apps Secured from the OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities?

As an additional resource, ASEE prepared an eBook discussing the importance of enterprise mobile application security in today's circumstances. We are reflecting on the threats surrounding the enterprise mobile application landscape and providing our readers with an enterprise mobile application security checklist for a protected and safe journey.


the ultimate mobile application security checklist

eBook: The Ultimate Mobile Application Security Checklist

Stay on the right track while building a secure mobile application with our ultimate mobile application security checklist. Follow our best practices and ensure your mobile apps and their users are well protected.

eBook: The Ultimate Mobile Application Security Checklist

To find out more about mobile app security, contact us or visit our blog section.  

CREDEM Banca Case Study

Key takeaways:

  • More than 900 thousand end users migrated to Cloud
  • 24/7 infrastructure monitoring and support by ASEE
  • Smooth migration process with no additional costs
  • Seamless authentication process

Fill out the form and download the document.

Downloads Credem banca Case Study (#117)

Italy’s Credem Banca migrates to ASEE Security Cloud

Credem used ASEE’s authentication server as an in-house solution to offer clients authentication methods for online payment or Internet banking.

During the one-year use of our authentication solution SxS in the SaaS/service model, Credem realized its benefits as an online service and decided to migrate all its clients to the cloud.

Migration of more than 900.000 end users

The project of migration of the SxS from on-premise to ASEE Hosting lasted 10 months, with a group of 17 experts working on both sides.

The project was handled agilely due to the asynchronous approach of several activities. The critical stages of the project included implementing services on the Bank's side and supported services and modules on the ASEE side, testing in two non-production environments, corrections and improvements throughout the project’s duration, and finally, rollout – where more than 900 thousand end users were being migrated iteratively every week in the joint coordinated activity of the bank and ASEE.

Download Case Study

The complexity of activities required exceptional coordination and synchronization, where the quality of cooperation with the client came to the fore.

Benefits for the Bank

With the transition to ASEE Hosting, ASEE has taken on the responsibility for all compliance certification, monitoring, and implementing mandates which means no additional costs and effort for the bank. No hardware or software resource consumptions in Bank such as network, HSM, servers, virtual machines, or database. Scaling responsibility shifted to ASEE.

ASEE ensured high availability and took on disaster recovery responsibility. 24/7 infrastructure monitoring and support are shifted to ASEE as well as L1 infrastructure problem resolution. Change management procedures and responsibilities and application know-how also shifted to ASEE.

No additional costs or efforts are required from the Bank for SxS upgrades, including OS, application server, database, and Java upgrades. No key management. All security activities shifted to ASEE.

„We are grateful for the unwavering commitment and support provided by ASEE throughout the migration process, which has enabled us to seamlessly transition to their platform. ASEE's cutting-edge technology and expertise have proven invaluable in ensuring a smooth migration and minimal disruption to our banking operations. We are confident that our partnership with ASEE will continue to drive innovation and enhance our customer experience. We look forward to continuing our partnership with ASEE and exploring new opportunities to leverage their expertise and technology“,
Lorenzo Villa
Credem's Team Leader of Touchpoints IT

About SXS

SxS is a scalable regulatory and business requirements authentication solution that runs in the cloud.

SxS delivers a holistic approach to authentication and takes care of the entire multi-factor process, enabling you to deliver a seamless authentication process that won’t frustrate your customers with overcomplicated steps while complying with the latest regulatory requirements and security practices.

The ASEE team has 20+ years of experience in strong authentication for multi-device and multi-channel environments.

5M+ of people have been successfully secured

More than 5M people use SxS daily without worrying about their online security while engaging with the service provider of their choice.

120+ clients that trust SxS

SxS has been successfully implemented in over 120 client production environments in different industries.


Download Credem Banca Case Study

Learn how Credem, one of Italy's main bank groups, used the benefits of SxS authentication solution and migrated all its clients to the ASEE Security Cloud.

Download Case Study

In case you're curious, feel free to contact us. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

Thales and Alfatec advise: how to prepare for NIS2

With 33 years of experience in the market, during 27 of which we have enjoyed a productive partnership with Thales, our journey has been a testament to growth and lasting relationships. Some of our clients have been with us since the beginning. These include companies like Erste Group Card Processor (EGCP) and Erste Card Club, AKD, Zagrebačka Banka, NEXI Group, FINA, OTP Bank, Hrvatska Poštanska Banka and many others.“ says Azur Šaćiragić, director of Alfatec Group's IT Security division.

We take pride in being the provider of Thales CipherTrust Manager-certified experts in the region, and exclusive sole provider for payShield HSM solutions. By constantly investing in education and expanding our business network, we ensure our competitiveness in the market. Adapting to the evolving landscape, we have enriched our portfolio with cutting-edge technologies to meet the ever-changing needs of our clients. These expansions have also led to valuable partnerships with vendors and an extended role as a distributor in the market.“ he continues.

“Moreover, our collaboration with our R&D department has driven the development of innovative solutions to address contemporary challenges. Our journey has been one of growth, excellence, and commitment to delivering top-tier services and products to our clients and partners.“ Šaćiragić concludes.

How can Thales and Alfatec help prepare your organization for NIS2?

Thales offers comprehensive data security solutions that help organizations to act in accordance and be compliant with the NIS2 directive.

“NIS2 is an important milestone in European cybersecurity, because it extends and unifies the risk management approach to verticals that have been left out of the regulation until now, and supplemented by the DORA directive, further increases cyber resilience in the financial sector,” says Gabor Hirsch, Regional Sales Manager Adriatics & Hungary from Thales.

“The risk management of supply chains is also an important and defining part of both the NIS2 and DORA directives, because the incidents of recent years have shown how vulnerable this area is. The technological guidelines in the directive, such as the use of encryption and other cryptography methods, are of great help to organizations that do not have the necessary expertise to build an effective and secure system.

Thales as one of the global leader of this industry can contribute to the organization's compliance with the new regulations with its market-leading data security and encryption solutions,” Gabor said.

About NIS2 (and DORA)

The NIS2 Directive aims to create a common level of cybersecurity across the EU, repealing the current NIS Directive and creating a baseline for security requirements.It will introduce new requirements within three areas: cyber strategy and governance, the detection and management of security incidents, as well as infrastructure and application security. DORA, which is part of the digital finance package, aims to meet the growing IT security and cyber risks in the financial sector and the insurance industry.

EU Member States should implement the NIS2 measures from 18 October 2024, and DORA will apply directly from 17 January 2025.

We invite you to attend the Alert Cybersecurity Conference, with the aim of participating with Thales and Alfatec IT team security experts in:

-developing a community of practice around the NIS Directive
- sharing knowledge and exchanginge practices
- taking part in training sessions

For more information (special requests, information, etc.), do not hesitate to contact Alfatec Group or approach them at Alert Cybersecurity conference!

Alfatec and Thales - partners for Alert Conference

For almost three decades, Thales and Alfatec have been delivering high-end solutions. In fact, their association dates back to before Thales Group’s company rebranding, when it was still called Thomson-CSF. Throughout this time, individuals and companies alike have relied upon their solutions, thus avoiding critical moments in the day-to-day running of their enterprises. While supporting their client's needs, Alfatec's IT security experts have been engaged in education, research, and certification of Thales products, thereby gaining even more expertise and achieving client retention of 99.9% year on year!

The crown of this long and fruitful collaboration was Alfatec's award in the category “CEE Fastest Growing Distributor”, in 2022. Thales recognized the company as the leading distributor in the region in respect of its outstanding sales and revenue performance.                  

Alfatec and Thales for Alert Cybersecurity Conference

Today Thales is a worldwide leader in data security and identity and access management. More than 30,000 organizations already rely on Thales to move to the cloud securely, achieve compliance and create more value from their software in devices and services used by millions of consumers every day. Their solutions verify identities, grant access to digital services, and secure vast quantities of sensitive data at rest, in motion and in use. This is why Alfatec Group is very proud to be their regional distributor and partner in this part of Europe.

Together, they emphasize the CipherTrust Manager solution.

What is CipherTrust Manager?

CipherTrust Manager offers the industry-leading enterprise key management solution, enabling organizations to manage encryption keys centrally, provide granular access control, and configure security policies. It is the central management point for the CipherTrust Data Security Platform: it manages key lifecycle tasks, including generation, rotation, destruction, import, and export; provides role-based access control to keys and policies; supports robust auditing and reporting; and offers developer-friendly REST API.

Strong partners and references

“Alfatec Group has also collaborated successfully with ASEE’s security and compliance department for many years. As a result, ASEE have placed their trust in Thales’s solutions and chosen Thales’s devices that are crucial for the complex security needs of their products, especially in the realm of multi-factor client security authentication and 3D Secure authentication for online payments.” – says Azur Šaćiragić, director or IT Security division in Alfatec Group.

The ASEE and Alfatec collaboration is not just a business arrangement; it is a partnership due to Alfatec's reliability and availability to tackle complex challenges and additional requirements. If you're also looking for a reliable cybersecurity partner who can help you understand the impact on your business and help pivot your security strategy to address the risk, feel free to approach #Alfateam at the Alert conference.

Alert Cybersecurity Conference 2023

About Alert Cybersecurity Conference

The annual Alert Cybersecurity Conference takes place in Zagreb, Croatia, and serves as a gathering of professionals, experts, and leading figures within the cybersecurity industry. Its primary focus is to engage in discussions about the most current cybersecurity developments, challenges, and, most importantly – solutions. This event, orchestrated by ASEE, aims to emphasize the significance of cybersecurity in a contemporary business setting.

Participants have the opportunity to access valuable information regarding cutting-edge technologies, case studies, and best practices presented by renowned experts in the field. The core objective of the conference is to promote the exchange of knowledge, as well as stimulate cooperation and the development of innovative strategies to reach a common goal – safegurading modern businesses from cyber threats.

What to expect from Alert 2023

This year's Alert Cybersecurity Conference is packed with insightful topics, ranging from current directives, including NIS2 and PSD3, to taking a deep dive into spoofing and mitigating DDoS attacks. Of course, the conference is only as good as its speakers. And this year's list of speakers includes true industry experts ready to share their stories and experiences.

Here are just a few of our speakers who will take over the stage on November 16:

A full list of speakers and topics for discussion is available on the official Alert Cybersecurity Conference site.

Sign up and Mark November 16 in your calendars!

Alert Cybersecurity Conference 2023 will take place on November 16 at the Hilton Garden Inn in Zagreb, Croatia. Make sure to mark your calendar and keep an eye out for further updates, including the full schedule.

Having in mind that the event is invite-only, we urge you to book your seat by reaching out to marketing@asseco-see.hr. Stay tuned for more updates and details about Alert Cybersecurity Conference 2023. We can't wait to see you there!

Alert Cybersecurity Conference 2023

Stay tuned!

For more information about our speakers and covered topics visit the official website for Alert Cybersecurity Conference.

Visit Website

WEBINAR: Reverse Engineering and Mobile App Modification – Unlucky or Lacking Protection?

We are excited to announce an upcoming webinar aiming to help you safeguard your mobile applications and protect your users. On October 26, 2023, our Mobile Team Lead, Lea Rački, and Product Manager, Željka Jurić will share their knowledge about mobile application security and some of the most common mobile app vulnerabilities and threats. To top it off, they will provide a detailed look at reverse engineering attempts, as well as reveal the consequences of such attacks. Interested? Join us!

WATCH WEBINAR

Webinar Agenda

In addition to the mentioned topics, here's what you can expect from this webinar:

Significance of the Mobile-Driven World

We will kick off the webinar by discussing the growing importance of mobile applications in our daily lives and the business world.

Mobile App Vulnerabilities

Understanding the vulnerabilities in mobile apps is crucial for developing effective security measures. We will explore common vulnerabilities that attackers love to exploit.

Types of Mobile App Attacks

Learn about the various types of attacks that can compromise your mobile app's security, including reverse engineering techniques.

The Consequences of App Modification

Discover the serious implications unauthorized app modification can have on both your app and its users.

Defense Mechanisms

As a highlight of the webinar, we will showcase and explain mobile application security defense mechanisms to prevent reverse engineering, as well as other common attacks on your mobile apps. Our experts will provide practical insights, best practices, and real-world examples to help you secure your apps effectively.

Save the date, October 26, 2023

As the mobile app landscape continues to evolve, it's crucial to stay one step ahead of potential threats. Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your mobile app security knowledge and keep your applications and users safe. We look forward to welcoming you to our webinar on October 26th. See you there!

WATCH WEBINAR

WEBINAR: The Scary Reality of Mobile App Attacks

Our product manager, Željka Jurić, and mobile team lead, Lea Rački, will discuss the security aspects of the mobile applications environment and provide actionable advice on how to keep your app and its users secure.

Mark your calendars!

On Thursday, October 26th, 2023, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM (UTC+02:00), join us to find out what common mobile application vulnerabilities to be aware of, how to conduct a reverse engineering attack on mobile apps, and much more on the topic of implementing mobile application security best practices.

WATCH WEBINAR

The agenda

Unlocking the Potential of Mobile Devices

Mobile devices are no longer just gadgets. They're indispensable tools that connect us to the digital world. We'll explore the multifaceted role of mobile devices in our daily lives and understand how they've become integral to both work and play.

The Goldmine of Sensitive Data

Mobile applications are the gatekeepers to a vast repository of personal and sensitive data. Learn about the data these applications hold and the potential consequences in case of a security breach.

Peering into the Vulnerabilities

The digital landscape is packed with threats, and mobile apps are no exception. We'll provide an overview of mobile app vulnerabilities and explore the ones that could put your data at risk.

Guarding Against Attacks

Knowledge is power, and understanding the types of mobile app attacks is crucial in fortifying your mobile app. We'll dissect various mobile app attack vectors and arm you with the knowledge to stay one step ahead of malicious actors.

Unraveling the Consequences

What happens when an app is modified without authorization? Join us as we expose the consequences of app modification and highlight why safeguarding your mobile apps is of paramount importance.

Best Practices for Mobile App Security

Knowledge alone isn't enough. Action is key. Discover the best practices for mobile app security that will empower you to protect your digital assets effectively.

Save the Date: October 26th, 2023

As we continue to integrate mobile devices into our daily routines, understanding and fortifying mobile app security is no longer an option—it's a necessity. Equip yourself with the knowledge and strategies needed to protect your digital world. We look forward to welcoming you to this insightful webinar on October 26th. See you there!

WATCH WEBINAR

Cybersecurity Threats And Tips On How to Avoid Them As An End-User

As an end-user, you are not immune to the myriad of threats lurking online. This blog post aims to provide insight into some of the most prevalent cybersecurity threats you might encounter. To top it off, we'll provide practical tips to help you safeguard your digital presence.

Cybersecurity threats landscape

Cybersecurity threats are constantly evolving, becoming more sophisticated and harmful for both individuals and organizations. It is essential to stay informed about the current threats to enhance the cybersecurity threats detection and prevention measures.

Here are some of the most common cybersecurity threats present today:

How do you spot and prevent cybersecurity threats as an end-user?

Although we live in an age with strong cybersecurity defense mechanisms, we have to conduct due diligence on our end. Why is that so? Well, when assessing all the components of a cybersecurity environment, humans are by far the weakest link. To support this claim, data shows that 82% of data breaches are caused by human error.

The following paragraphs bring awareness and educate users on how to promote cybersecurity best practices by implementing them in their day-to-day.

Social Engineering

Social engineering attacks are designed to prey on one of the weakest links within the cybersecurity chain – human psychology. The attackers apply manipulation tactics in order to divulge sensitive user or company information from the user. Be aware of the following:

  1. Verify requests: Confirm the identity of anyone requesting sensitive information or actions on your end.
  2. Be skeptical: Don't trust unsolicited requests for money information or access.
  3. Report suspicious activity: Report any suspicious activity or unusual requests to your IT department.

Phishing Attacks

Phishing scams are a common way for attacks to divulge sensitive information, usually presenting themselves as a well-known company or an authority within your organization. These attacks usually involve carefully crafted emails, direct messages, or even fake websites. Most phishing emails contain malicious links, while fake websites are focused on harvesting user login data. Recognize and avoid phishing attacks by doing the following:

  1. Check the sender: Verify the sender's email address and keep an eye on grammar, misspellings, and fonts.
  2. Hover over links before clicking: Hover over the URL, and the landing address will appear for you to check before redirecting to the page.
  3. Beware of urgency: Phishing emails usually pressure you to act quickly.
  4. Attachments: Don't open any attachments from unknown sources.

Read more about phishing attacks in our recent blog post: ''Phishing attacks: How to recognize and protect your organization from phishing scams''.

Password Security

Passwords, being the first line of defense against unauthorized access to accounts, need to be strong, unique, and, most importantly, known only to the owner of the account. Weak, repeated passwords are among the top concerns in cybersecurity. Such passwords are an open invitation to attacks to use techniques such as brute force attacks or password cracking in combination with credential stuffing tools. Keep your password hygiene spotless by following these best practices:

  1. Complexity: Use a mix of numbers, uppercase, lowercase, and special characters.
  2. Length: Aim for at least 12 characters.
  3. Uniqueness: Do your best not to repeat passwords accros accounts.
  4. Password Manager: Consider using a password manager to securely store and generate new, strong passwords.
  5. Update regularly: Change your passwords regularly, especially for key accounts.
  6. Multi-factor authentication (MFA): Enable MFA wherever possible to achieve an added layer of protection.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

While taking good care of your passwords can go a long way, passwords are not foolproof. By implementing MFA, you're adding an extra layer of security by requiring multiple authentication factors to be applied. Keep in mind the following MFA best practices:

  1. Enable MFA: Turn on MFA for social media, email, and other key accounts when possible.
  2. Use biometrics: Whenever applicable, use biometrics as a form of authentication for enhanced security.
  3. Authenticator apps: Consider using available authenticator apps such as Microsoft Authenticator to receive dynamic MFA codes.

Read more about MFA best practices from a business perspective in our recent blog post: ''Top 10 Multi Factor Authentication Best Practices: Essential Tips for MFA''.

Data Backups

Data loss occurs due to a variety of reasons, including malware infections, hardware failure, or simply accidental deletion. One way or the other, data loss can have far-reaching consequences. By regularly backing up your most important files, you're making sure that the data is protected, even in cases of cyber threats or incidents. Here's what you can do:

  1. Automate your backups: Don't rely on memory – set up automated backups for your devices. This way, your latest data is always secured.
  2. Keep it offline: Online backups are great, but for an added layer of protection from ransomware and other online threats, consider keeping some backups offline. Use external hard drives or USB sticks.
  3. Test restores: Conduct periodic restoring tests in order to ensure they work properly.

ChatGPT and other AI Chatbots

The rise of AI-powered chatbots, like ChatGPT, has transformed how we interact with technology. While these chatbots offer convenience and efficiency, keep in mind that AI-based platforms are also vulnerable to cyber threats. Also, with the rise of AI tools that are free to use, make sure to check you're using the correct link, as there are many scammy sites that impersonate legitimate AI platforms.

  1. Be mindful of what you are sharing: Avoid providing sensitive information and corporate data, such as source code, financial information, or login credentials.
  2. Use secure communication channels: This can include using encrypted security protocols, such as HTTPS, and implementing secure communication technologies, such as VPNs.
  3. Be aware of the fake ChatGPT apps: Scammy apps will ask for unnecessary information and permissions, unload malware onto your device after downloading them, or trick you into paying for a useless subscription.

The Crucial Role of End-Users in Securing Sensitive Data

The responsibility of safeguarding sensitive data, whether personal or belonging to an organization, ultimately falls upon the end-user. By taking these precautions and making cybersecurity a priority, you are not only protecting your own interests but also helping to create a safer and more secure online environment for all.

In case you're curious, feel free to contact us - zero obligation. Our ASEE team will be happy to hear you out.

Top Business Benefits of Passwordless Authentication

Passwordless authentication eliminates the need for using passwords by replacing them with advanced authentication methods, most commonly biometrics. This change singlehandedly addresses multiple issues, including password reuse, brute force attacks, and phishing scams, as well as does wonders for the end user experience.

In this article, we're going to discuss the top business benefits of passwordless authentication and how it improves an enterprise's cybersecurity posture.

Why the need to abandon passwords

Before we jump to passwordless authentication, we need to explain why passwords are no longer a sufficient form of authentication. To start off, we need to define what separates bad authentication practices from good authentication practices.

Most would agree that the following three factors determine whether authentication within an enterprise is efficient:

Having in mind these three factors, password-based authentication lacks in all of the mentioned areas for efficient authentication. The end-user side demands periodic password changes, with multiple rules for creating them. This makes it close to impossible to remember all of the active passwords connected to the user's accounts. The result is frequent password reset requests, prolonging the login process and impacting the end-user experience.

The security of password-based authentication is questionable due to a variety of reasons. Cyberattackers usually see passwords (and the users), as the weakest link of the authentication system. This is why there are multiple hacking methods directed toward revealing user passwords and using them for further malicious purposes. Some of those methods include phishing scams, brute-force attacks, keyloggers, and credential stuffing.

Furthermore, the cost of implementing and managing password-based authentication might seem negligible. However, if you scratch the surface, there are costs related to helpdesk inquiries for password resets and of course, the cost of a potential data breach. The average total cost per data breach worldwide amounts to 4.45 million USD in 2023.

 Passwordless Authentication in a Nutshell

In a nutshell, passwordless authentication offers a range of benefits that enhance security and user experience. By eliminating passwords, the risk of breaches is reduced, safeguarding sensitive information from hackers. Additionally, users can enjoy faster and more convenient logins, improving their overall experience. Various methods, such as biometric authentication and one-time passcodes, provide alternative ways to gain access without relying on traditional passwords. This not only decreases vulnerability to phishing attacks and credential stuffing but also mitigates the risks associated with stolen credentials. The need for these protections is underscored by the fact that 80% of basic web application attacks in 2021 were attributed to stolen credentials.

To help you with your consideration of implementing passwordless authentication, we'll go through the top business benefits passwordless authentication brings to your organization and employees.

Mark your calendars!

On TuesdayOctober 10th2023, from 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM (UTC+02:00), join us for a compelling webinar. We'll take a deep dive into the world of passwordless authentication, discussing how it can revolutionize the security landscape of enterprises.

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Top Business Benefits of Passwordless Authentication

In today's digital landscape, businesses need robust security measures to protect against cyberattacks. One of the key benefits of passwordless authentication is the elimination of passwords, which enhances security and minimizes the risk of breaches. This approach also reduces long-term costs associated with password-related support and compliance with password storage laws. Furthermore, passwordless authentication improves the user experience by providing a seamless and clunky-free authentication process. By preventing password-based attacks like phishing and credential stuffing, businesses can safeguard their sensitive data and gain the trust of their customers. Lastly, this approach lowers the total cost of ownership (TCO) by eliminating password-related expenses.

The following paragraphs bring you the top business benefits of passwordless authentication and help you understand how they can impact your business. Let's elaborate on each of the benefits.

Passwordless Benefit #1: Boosting Cybersecurity Measures

In the realm of cybersecurity, one of the key benefits of passwordless authentication is its ability to enhance security by eliminating the vulnerabilities associated with traditional passwords. This is achieved through advanced authentication methods such as biometrics and multi-factor authentication (MFA), which offer robust protection against cyberattacks. By reducing the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data and trade secrets, passwordless authentication mitigates prevalent cyber threats like phishing emails and malware. Additionally, the incorporation of factors such as fingerprints and facial recognition strengthens authentication, further fortifying the security measures.

Passwordless Benefit #2: Cutting Down Long-Term Costs

By implementing passwordless authentication, businesses can significantly reduce long-term costs. With passwordless authentication, there is no need for password management and the associated support costs. This eliminates the resources and time spent on password resets and account lockouts. Moreover, businesses can avoid potential fines or legal issues by complying with password storage laws. By reducing the risk of financial fraud and the potential damage to client data or confidential IP, passwordless authentication helps businesses save costs in the long run.

Passwordless Benefits #3: Enhancing User Experience and Productivity

Providing a convenient and seamless login experience, passwordless authentication eliminates the frustration associated with remembering and managing passwords. Users can quickly and securely authenticate across devices and platforms, boosting productivity by reducing time spent on password-related tasks. This improved user experience leads to increased satisfaction and loyalty, ultimately resulting in higher conversions and customer retention. Moreover, passwordless authentication involves fewer setup steps compared to traditional password-based methods, making it more user-friendly and efficient. By enhancing both user experience and productivity, passwordless authentication proves to be a valuable asset for businesses.

Passwordless Benefit #4: Prevention of Password-based Attacks

Passwordless authentication offers several key advantages when it comes to preventing password-based attacks. By eliminating the vulnerabilities associated with traditional passwords, it effectively safeguards against brute force attacks and credential stuffing attempts. Additionally, it significantly reduces the risk of stolen passwords through phishing and social engineering techniques. This enhanced security is achieved by replacing passwords with more secure authentication factors such as biometric authentication or passkeys. With passwordless authentication, businesses can protect sensitive information and systems from unauthorized access, ensuring the integrity and privacy of their data.

Passwordless Benefit #5: Reduction of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

Reducing the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is one of the key business benefits of passwordless authentication. It helps organizations save money by minimizing the overall cost associated with managing and securing user credentials. With passwordless authentication, businesses can eliminate the need for password-related infrastructure, such as password storage and recovery systems. This not only reduces IT support costs but also helps avoid potential financial losses due to data breaches or password-related incidents. Moreover, passwordless authentication streamlines the authentication process, saving valuable time and resources for both IT teams and end-users.

Passwordless Benefit #6: Increased Conversions

Implementing passwordless authentication offers numerous benefits for businesses, including increased conversions. Studies conducted by the Baymard Institute reveal that over 18% of users on popular e-commerce platforms abandon their carts due to forgotten passwords or clunky reset processes. By providing a seamless login process that removes barriers and friction points, passwordless authentication simplifies the registration process and reduces user abandonment rates. Moreover, it builds trust and confidence in users by offering secure and hassle-free authentication methods. This enhanced user journey leads to increased engagement, conversions, and, ultimately, revenue.

Passwordless Authentication Benefits for End Users

Eliminating the frustrations of password management, such as forgotten passwords and reset processes, passwordless authentication provides a seamless and user-friendly experience. By incorporating advanced authentication factors, it enhances the security of user accounts, ensuring easy and secure access across multiple devices and platforms. Additionally, it eliminates the need to share or store passwords, thereby enhancing user privacy. With passwordless authentication, end users can bid farewell to password-related woes, enjoy a frictionless authentication process, and benefit from increased account security and privacy.

Is the Future Passwordless?

The future of authentication lies in passwordless solutions. With the increasing prevalence of cyberattacks, traditional passwords are no longer secure enough. Biometric factors like fingerprints and facial recognition offer a more reliable and secure authentication method. Passwordless logins using one-time passcodes or magic links are gaining popularity, adding an extra layer of security. The shift towards a passwordless world can reduce password-related support costs and improve overall security.

By eliminating the reliance on passwords, organizations can significantly enhance their cybersecurity measures. This not only protects sensitive data but also reduces the long-term costs associated with managing and recovering from security breaches.

Mark your calendars!

On TuesdayOctober 10th2023, from 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM (UTC+02:00), join us for a compelling webinar. We'll take a deep dive into the world of passwordless authentication, discussing how it can revolutionize the security landscape of enterprises.

Save your spot

For more information, feel free to contact us and book a zero-obligation meeting with our experts. Our team will be happy to hear you out.